BE, DO and HAVE AS ORDINARY VERBS

DO AS AN ORDINARY VERB

When do has meaning (rather than a grammatical function) it is treated as an ordinary verb:

Examples:

a.She didn't do her homework last night.
b.They didn't do enough to help her.
c.I did not do the last question.
d.Does she do the cooking at home ?
e.Do you do homework every night ?

TO HAVE, HAVE GOT , TO HAVE TO , AS ORDINARY VERBS

A. When 'to have' and 'have got' = 'to own', 'to possess'

Examples:

a.She has (= owns) an apartment in Paris.
She has got an apartment in Paris.

b.I don't have (= don't possess) a car.
*I haven't got a car.

c.Do they have a boat ?
*Have they got a boat?

HAVE = HAVE GOT = POSSESS

B. 'To have to' for obligation and necessity

To have to = must : expresses an obligation or a necessity

FORM :

Affirmative :
Subject + have to +infinitive of verb
I have to leave now.
Negative :
Subject+ do not / does not + have to +infinitive of verb
We do not have to eat here.
Interrogative :
Do or does +subject + have to +infinitive of verb
Does she have to work today ?

Examples:

a. I have to finish this work before 17.00.
b. Do you have to leave tomorrow ?
c. She doesn't have to read that book.
d. Does he have to play tennis ?

C. 'To have' when it means 'to take'

Examples:

a. I have a bath every night.
b. She has breakfast at 6.00 o'clock.
c. They have lunch at midday.
d. We don't have lunch.
e. He doesn't have a sleep in the afternoon.
f. Do you have milk with your coffee ?

In this sense 'to have' is always used with 'DO' to form the interrogative and negative.

BE AS AN ORDINARY VERB

Interrogative and negative forms are by simple inversion.

a. I am French.
b. Are you French?
c. I am not French.

Examples:

a. She is thirty seven years old.
b. Are they doctors?
c. He isn't an accountant.
d. We aren't cold.
e. Is he your brother?

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