Joulius Robert Von Mayer:
MAYER, Julius Robert von (1814-78), German physician and physicist, known for his pioneering work in the establishment of the mechanical equivalent of heat. Mayer was born in Heilbronn and studied medicine at the University of Tuebingen. In 1842 the scientist published a paper in the journal Annales de Chemie, in which he gave a value for the mechanical equivalent of heat. His figure was based on the rise of temperature in paper pulp that was stirred by a horse-powered mechanism. Mayer was also the first to state the principle of conservation of energy, most notably for biological phenomena as well as for physical systems.
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