JAMES WATT:
Watt, James 1736-1819. Scottish engineer and inventor. Mathematical-instrument maker, U. of Glasgow (1757). Conceived numerous improvements to a model of the Newcomen steam engine given to him to repair; invented modern condensing steam engine (1765, patented 1769) in which the exhaust steam from cylinder is condensed in separate chamber (condenser); invented the double-acting engine (1782); effected other improvements on the steam engine, including sun-and-planet wheels and other means for converting reciprocal motion into rotary motion, and the centrifugal governor for regulating speed. Formed a partnership with Matthew Boulton and manufactured steam engines at Soho Engineering Works, Birmingham (1775-1800). Originated (with Boulton) the term horsepower. The watt, a unit of power, is named in his honor. His son James (1769-1848), marine engineer, fitted with engines the Caledonia, first steamship to leave an English port (1817).
|
|