Acknowledgements and Bibliography
Acknowlegdements
We would firstly like to thank Mrs. Aileen Chor, our mentor and coach, for her indispensable guidance and advice. Throughout these few months, she has taught us how to manage our time wisely, work efficiently as a group, and communicate with our team members effectively. Though most of us have never met her, this never felt like the case, as she has never failed to keep in constant contact with us through e-mail. Our team would never have been able to complete this project as it has been completed without her, and here, we would like to thank her once again for her guidance and support these few months. Thank you!
We are also extremely thankful to Taiu, Fumika, and Jim for their generous help with the Japanese translations.
We would also like to thank Albert’s sister Linda, her friend Leo, Henry, and Jason for their assistance and help in revision and critique.
Thanks also to our classmates, teachers, and the general public for cooperating with us and taking our surveys; and to our schools, Shanghai High School International Division and Raffles Institution in Singapore, for providing us with resources that aided us in the completion of this website.
Of course, we owe a great deal to our family members, our friends, and our teachers for their motivation and support along the way. Without their reassuring words, we probably would have never made it this far!
We are grateful to ThinkQuest and Oracle Foundation for giving us this valuable opportunity to learn, not just about the global food crisis, but also vital skills of life, such as time management, group cooperation, labor distribution, tolerance, and so on.
Finally, we are extremely thankful to all the people who worked to provide us with the food we are so fortunate to have on our table. Thank you.
Bibliography
1. Images
Disclaimer: Photos used were either from the World Food Programme website which we have acquired permission by contact with World Food Programme's Headquarters in Rome or from free imaging websites which we have also credited below, or were taken or created by ourselves.
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Shehzad, Noorani (2009, March 10). Woman and newborn Chor Kakchira. Retrieved March 23, 2009, Web site: http://www.wfp.org/photos/woman-and-newborn-chor-kakchira
Haskell, Tom (2009, March 13). Web site: WFP - China photo exhibition - 1. Retrieved March 23, 2009, Web site: http://www.wfp.org/photos/school-feeding-china
Herwig, Christopher (2009, January 29). Web site: Liberia, Monserrato County. Retrieved March 23, 2009, Web site: http://www.wfp.org/photos/liberia-4
Bessieres, Maxime(2008, April 28). Web site: WFP Guatemala 2008 - School Feeding. Retrieved March 23, 2009, Web site: http://www.wfp.org/photos/wfp-guatemala-2008-school-feeding
Farrell, Jim (2009, January 13). Feeding a Former Child Soldier. Retrieved March 23, 2009, Web site: http://www.wfp.org/photos/gallery/feeding-former-child-soldier
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2. History
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(1999, August 10). BBC news|Asia-Pacific|North Korea famine warning. Retrieved January 28, 2009, from BBC Online Network Web site: HYPERLINK "http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/416193.stm" http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/416193.stm
Natsios, Andrew. The Politics of Famine in North Korea. Retrieved January 28, 2009, from UNITED STATES INSTITUTE OF PEACE Web site: HYPERLINK "http://www.usip.org" http://www.usip.org
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Daniel, GoodKind (2001). Noth Korean famine. Population and Development Review, 27, Retrieved January 28, 2009, from HYPERLINK "http://www.popcouncil.org/mediacenter/newsreleases/pdr27_2goodkind.html" http://www.popcouncil.org/mediacenter/newsreleases/pdr27_2goodkind.html
3. Case Study
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(2009). CIA - the world factbook --Ethiopia. Retrieved January 27, 2009, from CIA - The World Factbook Web site: Action aid: food crisis in Ethiopia. Retrieved January 27, 2009, from Action Aid Web site: http://www.actionaidusa.org/what/emergencies/food_crisis_in_ethiopia/
(2002, November 11). Massive famine stalks Ethiopia. Retrieved January 28, 2009, from BBC News Web site: HYPERLINK "http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/2440093.stm" http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/2440093.stm
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Ofcansky, Thomas P. (1991). Ethiopia in Crisis: Famine and Its Aftermath,1984-88. Retrieved January 27, 2009, from Ethiopia Web site: HYPERLINK "http://countrystudies.us/ethiopia/35.htm" http://countrystudies.us/ethiopia/35.htm
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(2003). Ethiopia: famine threat. World Press Review, 50, Retrieved January 27, 2009, from HYPERLINK "http://www.worldpress.org/Africa/948.cfm" http://www.worldpress.org/Africa/948.cfm
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IRIN, (2007, July 26). Ethiopian government denies looming humanitarian crisis in Somali region. Retrieved January 27, 2009, from Hiiraan Online Web site: HYPERLINK "http://www.hiiraan.com/comments2-news-2007-july-ethiopian_government_denies_looming_humanitarian_crisis_in_somali_region.aspx" http://www.hiiraan.com/comments2-news-2007-july-ethiopian_government_denies_looming_humanitarian_crisis_in_somali_region.aspx
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4. Causes
TradingCharts.com Inc., Stocks to use ratio. Retrieved August 21, 2008, Web site: HYPERLINK "http://futures.tradingcharts.com/learning/stocks_to_use.html" http://futures.tradingcharts.com/learning/stocks_to_use.html
Farm Foundation, (2008, July 23). Farm foundation issue report: what's driving food prices?. Retrieved August 21, 2008, Web site: HYPERLINK "http://www.farmfoundation.org/news/templates/template.aspx?articleid=404&zoneid=26" http://www.farmfoundation.org/news/templates/template.aspx?articleid=404&zoneid=26
Third World Network, (2001, May 16). Worldwide initiatives against GMOs. Retrieved August 21, 2008, Web site: HYPERLINK "http://www.safe2use.com/ca-ipm/01-05-17b.htm" http://www.safe2use.com/ca-ipm/01-05-17b.htm
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Schaefer, B. D., Lieberman, B., & Riedl, B. M. Addressing the global food crisis. The Heritage Foundation, Retrieved August 21, 2008, from HYPERLINK "http://www.heritage.org/Research/TradeandForeignAid/bg2151.cfm" http://www.heritage.org/Research/TradeandForeignAid/bg2151.cfm.
The World Bank, Food crisis - the world bank. Retrieved August 21, 2008, Web site: HYPERLINK "http://www.worldbank.org/html/extdr/foodprices/" http://www.worldbank.org/html/extdr/foodprices/
Fyksen, Jane (2008, July, 31). Commodity, food situation complex: oil, weak dollar, ethanol figure in. Agri-View, Retrieved August 21, 2008, from http://www.agriview.com/articles/2008/07/31/capitol_news/news02.txt
World Food Programme, Policy resources. Retrieved April 1, 2009, Web site: HYPERLINK "http://www.wfp.org/policy-resources" http://www.wfp.org/policy-resources
Surridge, G. (2007, November 19). Wholesale sales rise on demand from emerging markets. Financial Post, Retrieved August 21, 2008, from HYPERLINK "http://www.financialpost.com/story.html?id=1765c67f-b30f-401b-b42a-a92fccf73628" http://www.financialpost.com/story.html?id=1765c67f-b30f-401b-b42a-a92fccf73628
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ActionAid, Demand changes in US food aid policies. Retrieved August 21, 2008, Web site: HYPERLINK "http://www.actionaidusa.org/what/climate_change/foodaid_policies/index.html" http://www.actionaidusa.org/what/climate_change/foodaid_policies/index.html
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Shah, A. (2005, October, 31). Food aid as dumping. Global Issues, Retrieved August 21, 2008, from HYPERLINK "http://www.globalissues.org/article/10/food-aid-as-dumping" http://www.globalissues.org/article/10/food-aid-as-dumping
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Kwengwere, P. (2004, December, 30). Africa's hungry are fed bad policies. YaleGlobal, Retrieved August 21, 2008, from HYPERLINK "http://yaleglobal.yale.edu/display.article?id=5080" http://yaleglobal.yale.edu/display.article?id=5080
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Bakary, S. (2008, April, 17). The new face of hunger. Economist, Retrieved August 21, 2008, from HYPERLINK "http://www.economist.com/world/international/displaystory.cfm?story_id=11049284" http://www.economist.com/world/international/displaystory.cfm?story_id=11049284
Cage, S. (2008, July, 8). High food prices may cut opposition to genetically modified food. The International Herald Tribune, Retrieved August 21, 2008, from HYPERLINK "http://www.commondreams.org/archive/2008/07/08/10198" http://www.commondreams.org/archive/2008/07/08/10198
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Schneider, K. N., Schneider, R. G. (2002). Genetically modified food. Retrieved August 21, 2008, Web site: HYPERLINK "http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/FS084" http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/FS084
African American Environmentalist Association, Genetically modified foods. Retrieved August 21, 2008, Web site: HYPERLINK "http://www.aaenvironment.com/GM.htm" http://www.aaenvironment.com/GM.htm
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Food, (2006, October, 18). Wheat, corn, soy: higher prices and implications. Food, Retrieved August 21, 2008, from Wheat, corn, soy: higher prices and implications
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Standard Times Press News Sierra Leone, (2008, November, 25). Rising Food Prices and Agricultural Development in Sierra Leone. Standard Times Press News Sierra Leone, Retrieved August 21, 2008, from HYPERLINK "http://standardtimespress.net/cgi-bin/artman/publish/article_3603.shtml" http://standardtimespress.net/cgi-bin/artman/publish/article_3603.shtml
Financial Times, (2007, November, 20). Why are food prices rising?. Financial Times, Retrieved August 21, 2008, from HYPERLINK "http://media.ft.com/cms/s/2/f5bd920c-975b-11dc-9e08-0000779fd2ac.html?from=textlinkindepth" http://media.ft.com/cms/s/2/f5bd920c-975b-11dc-9e08-0000779fd2ac.html?from=textlinkindepth
DuByne, D. (2007, September, 9). Low grain harvest, rising food prices and China's ethanol plan. Energy Bulletin, Retrieved August 21, 2008, from HYPERLINK "http://www.energybulletin.net/node/34519" http://www.energybulletin.net/node/34519
Hubbard, K. (2008, july, 29). Gulp! food prices hard to swallow. Envirovore, Retrieved August 21, 2008, from HYPERLINK "http://envirovore.com/content/view/203/1/" http://envirovore.com/content/view/203/1/
Bradsher, K. (2008, April, 17). Drought contributes to shortage of food staple. International Herald Tribune, Retrieved August 21, 2008, from HYPERLINK "http://www.iht.com/articles/2008/04/17/business/17warm.php?page=2" http://www.iht.com/articles/2008/04/17/business/17warm.php?page=2
Teslik, L. H. (2008, June, 30). Food prices. Council on Foreign Relations, Retrieved August 21, 2008, from HYPERLINK "http://www.cfr.org/publication/16662/food_prices.html#4" http://www.cfr.org/publication/16662/food_prices.html#4
Kyodo, (2008, July, 14). Speculation playing big part in raising food prices: government report. Kyodo, Retrieved August 21, 2008, from HYPERLINK "http://www.breitbart.com/print.php?id=D91TVN7O0&show_article=1" http://www.breitbart.com/print.php?id=D91TVN7O0&show_article=1
Gettleman, J. (2008, August, 9). Darfur withers as Sudan sells food . The New York Times, Retrieved August 21, 2008, from http://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/10/world/africa/10sudan.html?pagewanted=2&_r=1&th&emc=th
5. Impacts
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USAID responds to global food crisis. Retrieved October 15, 2008, from USAID Web site: HYPERLINK "http://www.usaid.gov/our_work/humanitarian_assistance/foodcrisis/" http://www.usaid.gov/our_work/humanitarian_assistance/foodcrisis/
Shabazz, Saeed. Could the global food crisis impact America?. Retrieved August 9, 2008, from FinalCall.com News Web site: HYPERLINK "http://www.finalcall.com/artman/publish/article_4654.shtml" http://www.finalcall.com/artman/publish/article_4654.shtml
Global food security crisis. Retrieved August 9, 2008, from World Health Organization Web site: HYPERLINK "http://www.who.int/food_crisis/en/" http://www.who.int/food_crisis/en/
Shah, Anup Global food crisis 2008. Retrieved September 22, 2008, from Global Issues Web site: HYPERLINK "http://www.globalissues.org/article/758/global-food-crisis-2008" http://www.globalissues.org/article/758/global-food-crisis-2008
(2008, April 17). Food the silent tsunami. Retrieved September 16, 2008, from Economist.com Web site: HYPERLINK "http://www.economist.com/opinion/displaystory.cfm?story_id=11050146" http://www.economist.com/opinion/displaystory.cfm?story_id=11050146
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Shah, Anup Food and agriculture issues. Retrieved August 26, 2008, from Global Issues Web site: HYPERLINK "http://www.globalissues.org/issue/749/food-and-agriculture-issues" http://www.globalissues.org/issue/749/food-and-agriculture-issues
(2008, April 17). Bangladesh-a different sort of emergency. Retrieved September 16, 2008, from Economist.com Web site: HYPERLINK "http://www.economist.com/opinion/displaystory.cfm?story_id=11058143" http://www.economist.com/opinion/displaystory.cfm?story_id=11058143
(2008). The state of food insecurity in the world 2008. Retrieved April 1, 2009, from ReliefWeb Web site: HYPERLINK "http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/lib.nsf/db900sid/PANA-7M6F2B/$file/FAO_dec2008.pdf?openelement" http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/lib.nsf/db900sid/PANA-7M6F2B/$file/FAO_dec2008.pdf?openelement
Buchanan, Emily Assessing the global food crisis . Retrieved July 13, 2008, from BBC News Web site: HYPERLINK "http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/in_depth/7361945.stm" http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/in_depth/7361945.stm
(2008, April 13). The global food crisis. Retrieved July 5, 2008, from Financial Times Web site: HYPERLINK "http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/d8184634-07cc-11dd-a922-0000779fd2ac,dwp_uuid=a955630e-3603-11dc-ad42-0000779fd2ac.html?nclick_check=1" http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/d8184634-07cc-11dd-a922-0000779fd2ac,dwp_uuid=a955630e-3603-11dc-ad42-0000779fd2ac.html?nclick_check=1
6. Government Actions
Eggen, Dan (2008, April 26). U.S. scrambles to address international food crisis. Retrieved September 5, 2008, from The Washington Post Web site: HYPERLINK "http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/04/25/AR2008042503278_2.html" http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/04/25/AR2008042503278_2.html
(2008, May 12). FOOD View from the US Bush seeks USD 770 million in food aid. Retrieved August 30, 2008, from The European Weekly New Europe Web site: HYPERLINK "http://www.neurope.eu/articles/86593.php" http://www.neurope.eu/articles/86593.php
Dunphy, Harry (2008, April 14). World Bank chief calls for immediate action on deepening global food crisis. Retrieved September 5, 2008, from The Washington Post Web site: HYPERLINK "http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/04/13/AR2008041301972.html" http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/04/13/AR2008041301972.html
Food crisis. Retrieved July 18, 2008, from The World Bank Web site: HYPERLINK "http://www.worldbank.org/html/extdr/foodprices/" http://www.worldbank.org/html/extdr/foodprices/
(2009, January 16). UN-backed high-level meeting plans to reverse alarming climb in the number of hungry. Retrieved January 20, 2009, from UN News Centre Web site: HYPERLINK "http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=29575&Cr=food&Cr1=crisis" http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=29575&Cr=food&Cr1=crisis
(2008, September 17). Global food crisis, UN reform, climate change top new UN General Assembly agenda. Retrieved November 3, 2008, from People's Daily Online Web site: HYPERLINK "http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/90001/90777/90856/6500770.html" http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/90001/90777/90856/6500770.html
(2008, October 15). Responding to the global food crisis. Retrieved October 29, 2008, from EurActiv.com Web site: http://www.euractiv.com/en/cap/responding-global-food-crisis/article-176373
Delgado, Christopher (2008, July 9). The Global Food Crisis Response Program (GFRP) at the World Bank. Retrieved September 9, 2008, from The World Bank Web site: HYPERLINK "http://siteresources.worldbank.org/SOCIALPROTECTION/Resources/280558-1138289492561/2158434-1215439855252/Delgado_GFRP.pdf" http://siteresources.worldbank.org/SOCIALPROTECTION/Resources/280558-1138289492561/2158434-1215439855252/Delgado_GFRP.pdf
(2008, May 1). Bangladesh bans non-aromatic rice exports. Retrieved August 29, 2008, from Reuters Web site: HYPERLINK "http://www.reuters.com/article/GCA-Agflation/idUSHO13372420080501" http://www.reuters.com/article/GCA-Agflation/idUSHO13372420080501
Musa, Tansa (2008, March 8). Cameroon ups state wages, cuts prices after riots. Retrieved August 29, 2008, from Reuters Web site: HYPERLINK "http://www.reuters.com/article/latestCrisis/idUSL08721706" http://www.reuters.com/article/latestCrisis/idUSL08721706
(2008, March 31). FEATURE-Tenstions rise as world faces short rations. Retrieved August 27, 2008, from Reuters Web site: HYPERLINK "http://www.reuters.com/article/latestCrisis/idUSN25339090" http://www.reuters.com/article/latestCrisis/idUSN25339090
Toweh, Alphonso (2008, April 6). Liberia to plant more rice as import costs soar. Retrieved August 25, 2008, from Reuters Web site: HYPERLINK "http://www.reuters.com/article/latestCrisis/idUSL06444559" http://www.reuters.com/article/latestCrisis/idUSL06444559
Barrera, Adriana (2007, April 25). Mexican government renews tortilla price accord. Retrieved July 12, 2008, from Reuters Web site: HYPERLINK "http://www.reuters.com/article/companyNewsAndPR/idUSN254717920070425" http://www.reuters.com/article/companyNewsAndPR/idUSN254717920070425
Ahmed, Sahar (2008, May 5). Pakistan tugs reins on rice exports. Retrieved August 29, 2008, from Reuters Web site: HYPERLINK "http://www.reuters.com/article/gc08/idUSSIN13987320080505" http://www.reuters.com/article/gc08/idUSSIN13987320080505
Delva, Joseph G. (2008, April 16). Price of rice prompts renewed anger in Haiti. Retrieved September 6, 2008, from Reuters Web site: HYPERLINK "http://www.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idUSN1522676720080416" http://www.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idUSN1522676720080416
(2008, March 18). Russia sets new fertiliser export tariffs. Retrieved July 11, 2008, from Reuters Web site: HYPERLINK "http://www.reuters.com/article/rbssIndustryMaterialsUtilitiesNews/idUSL1838535920080318" http://www.reuters.com/article/rbssIndustryMaterialsUtilitiesNews/idUSL1838535920080318
(2008, May 5). S. Africa weighs moves to curb food price impact. Retrieved August 29, 2008, from Reuters Web site: HYPERLINK "http://www.reuters.com/article/GCA-Agflation/idUSL0523675520080505" http://www.reuters.com/article/GCA-Agflation/idUSL0523675520080505
Arka, Gde A. (2008, May 3). Southeast Asia to cooperate over food security. Retrieved August 29, 2008, from Reuters Web site: HYPERLINK "http://www.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idUSJAK13579520080503" http://www.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idUSJAK13579520080503
7. Solutions
Overpopulation. In Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia [Web]. Retrieved August 14, 2008, from HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overpopulation" http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overpopulation
(2008, June 26). Addressing the global food crisis. Retrieved September 19, 2008, from The Heritage Foundation Web site: HYPERLINK "http://www.heritage.org/research/tradeandeconomicfreedom/bg2151.cfm" http://www.heritage.org/research/tradeandeconomicfreedom/bg2151.cfm
(2008, July 3). Who will feed the world? - Real causes and real solutions to the so-called global food crisis. Retrieved August 15, 2008, from Greenpeace Web site: HYPERLINK "http://www.greenpeace.org/eu-unit/press-centre/policy-papers-briefings/food-crisis-03-07-08" http://www.greenpeace.org/eu-unit/press-centre/policy-papers-briefings/food-crisis-03-07-08
Sircus, Mark (2008, June 20). Solutions to the global food crisis. Retrieved August 15, 2008, from Organic Consumers Association Web site: HYPERLINK "http://www.organicconsumers.org/articles/article_13086.cfm" http://www.organicconsumers.org/articles/article_13086.cfm
(2008, July 24). Eating less meat and junk food could cut fossil energy fuel use almost in half. Retrieved September 16, 2008, from ScienceDaily Web site: HYPERLINK "http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/07/080723094838.htm" http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/07/080723094838.htm
Global food crisis? Eat less meat.. Retrieved August 12, 2008, from Generous Web site: HYPERLINK "http://generous.org.uk/news/71-global-food-crisis-eat-less-meat" http://generous.org.uk/news/71-global-food-crisis-eat-less-meat
Adam, David (2007, April 18). 'Only intensive farming' will feed Britain. Retrieved July 18, 2008, from guardian.co,uk Web site: HYPERLINK "http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2007/apr/18/foodanddrink.food" http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2007/apr/18/foodanddrink.food
Algae fuel. In Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia [Web]. Retrieved August 14, 2008, from HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biofuel_from_algae" http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biofuel_from_algae
Monoculture. In Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia [Web]. Retrieved August 14, 2008, from HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monoculture" http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monoculture
Sircus, Mark (2008, June 20). Solutions to the global food crisis. Retrieved August 15, 2008, from NaturalNews.com Web site: HYPERLINK "http://www.naturalnews.com/023473.html" http://www.naturalnews.com/023473.html
(2008, May 9). 8 Ways to fix the global food crisis. Retrieved September 22, 2008, from U.S. News Web site: HYPERLINK "http://www.usnews.com/articles/news/2008/05/09/8-ways-to-fix-the-global-food-crisis.html?PageNr=1" http://www.usnews.com/articles/news/2008/05/09/8-ways-to-fix-the-global-food-crisis.html?PageNr=1
Pollock, Candace (2008, April 23). Solution to global food crisis is managing natural resources. Retrieved July 23, 2008, from Ohio State University Extension Web site: HYPERLINK "http://extension.osu.edu/~news/story.php?id=4592" http://extension.osu.edu/~news/story.php?id=4592
(2008, April 24). Food crisis: rationing introduced in bid to protect rice supplies. Retrieved July 23, 2008, from Times Online Web site: HYPERLINK "http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/retailing/article3803738.ece" http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/retailing/article3803738.ece
McKie, Robin (2009, February 1). It is now time to embrace GM technology. Retrieved February 5, 2009, from guardian.co,uk Web site: HYPERLINK "http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2009/feb/01/gm-crops-technology" http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2009/feb/01/gm-crops-technology