1.ELIMINATION - The best way to control a hazard is to eliminate it and remove the danger. This can be done by
changing a work process in a way that will get rid of a hazard; substituting a non-toxic chemical for a toxic substance; having workers perform tasks at ground level rather than working at heights; and other methods that remove the hazard all together.
2.SUBSTITUTION - The second best way to control a hazard is to substitute something else in its place that would be non-hazardous or less hazardous to workers. For example, a non-toxic (or less toxic) chemical could be substituted for a hazardous one.
3. ENGINEERING CONTROLS (SAFEGUARDING TECHNOLOGY) - If a hazard cannot be eliminated or a safer substitute cannot be found, the next best approach
is to use engineering controls to keep the hazard from reaching the worker. This could include
methods such as using noise dampening technology to reduce noise levels; enclosing a
chemical process in a Plexiglas "glove box"; using mechanical lifting devices; or using local exhaust ventilation that captures and carries away the contaminants before they can get in the
breathing zone of workers.
4. ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROLS (TRAINING AND PROCEDURE) - If engineering controls cannot be implemented, or cannot be implemented right away,
administrative controls should be considered. Administrative controls involve changes in workplace policies and procedures. They can include such things as:
• Warning alarms,
• Labeling systems,
• Reducing the time workers are exposed to a hazard, and
• Training.
5. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT - The use of personal protective equipment is a way of controlling hazards by placing
protective equipment directly on workers' bodies. Examples of personal protective equipment
include: respirators, gloves, protective clothing, hard hats, goggles, and ear plugs.
Personal protective equipment is the effective method for protecting workers from hazards. PPE should be used only while other more effective controls are being developed or installed, or if there are no other more effective ways to control the hazard.
