SPINA BIFIDA Spina Bifida affects spinal cord. It happens when the spine does not completely close  in the spinal cord . this happens before a baby is born.This causes damage to the nerves of the spinal cord. Spina Bifida is actually very common. According to  the National Dissemination Center for Children with disabilities, almost 40% of people in America have opening in their spine. But, their nerves are not damaged so many don't even know they have it. But in some cases, nerves are damaged and that causes disability such as muscle weakness and even paralysis. Baby can also have hydrocephalus. This is when there is too much pressure on the brain because of  spinal fluid that does not drain enough. Sometimes people with this condition have shunts that drain fluids.Spinal cord can often be closed by surgery after the baby is born. Unfortunately, surgery cannot fix the damaged nerves. There are some studies that found that folic acid can help prevent this birth defect if women take it before and during the time they are pregnant.

CEREBRAL PALSY Cerebral palsy affects movement of muscles of the body. Cerebral palsy is not just one disease. It is the name for a group of disorders. These disorder appear at birth or early in life. cerebral palsy happens when there is some problem with brain in the part that controls muscles and how they move. This condition does not get worse with time like some other disabilities, for example, multiple sclerosis.  There are many causes of cerebral palsy. For example, if there is not enough blood feeding brain for a while it can happen. Also, damage can be caused by trauma or disease. Many people with cerebral palsy receive physical and occupational therapy to help them improve movement of muscles.