Crypto in Latin America

The known records of cryptography in Latin America date back to 1500s when Cristóbal Columbus sent a letter to his son Diego written in unknown characters in which he advised him to behave in good conduct in case the regal commissioner watched over. This letter is conserved in the National Museum of Arching logía, History and Ethnography of Mexico. Mono-alphabetic substitution started being used and evidences were found in many important letters. There is a noted incident of communication between the viceroyalties and Indians which utilized substitution of letters by conventional signs.

Reference

Sistemas criptográficos empleados en Hispanoamérica
http://www.ucm.es/BUCM/revistas/ghi/11328312/articulos/RCHA0000110057A.PDF