Carl Hagenbeck

Carl Hagenbeck was the first person who put animals outdoors, in natural settings.

"Animals behind bars are described as inactive, but animals who are in naturalistic enclosures are described as active. "

In 1907 he began creating exhibits without bars in Hamburg, Germany. He used moats, hedges, fake rocks and winding sidewalks to create a feeling that predators, prey, and visitor were side by side.

At first, Hagenbeck's ideas for a no bar zoo was ignored by other zoos. In the 1930s, his ideas (for a more naturalistic enclosure) were being reconsidered by the zoo community around the world.

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