1.Effect of transmission tower- (A case study- Rajkishor Nagar,Bilaspur)

Our environment is full of many type of pollution – air pollution , noise pollution, due to smokes or gases etc. One  more important invisible pollution is the cause of concern near TV, radio and microwave transmission towers. These pollution arises the issue of possible health effects of various transmission towers like mobile telephone base stations , TV towers, Radio transmission towers are very much alive in publics mind. Rai predicted a statistical survey of many disease occurring to the people living around the T.V tower of Varanasi. The occurrence of the disease reduced with increase in the distance from tower.However, there are limitations to the research carried out so far and mobile phones have only been in widespread use for a relatively short time. The advisory group concludes that there is still a possibility that there could be health effects from exposure to radio frequency transmissions below guideline levels so continued research is needed.In the present context, an attempt has been made to investigate the possible mechanism responsible for adverse effects. In this regard.

 Method

[Transmission Tower-Rajkishor Nagar]

We took round to the Bilaspur city, where so many transmission towers of BSNL, Reliance an Idea mobile base stations are working. In addition to these a T.V. tower is working with effect from 1984. Side by side a radio station is also situated.

We have collected the information from BSNL office at Rajkishore Nagar, according to which, eight MTBS are working at different 10m to 20m, depending on the power radiation and the population covered places in the bilaspur city. The frequency bands allocated are from 890-915 MHz for uplink (mobile stations to base stations) and 935-960 MHz for downlink (base station to mobile station). The height of antenna varies from100 watt and area covered is 15kms radius in a circle. Vision frequency=189.95 MHz and audio frequency=194.75. Folded dipole quadrature type antenna is fixed at the top of mast. A TV tower situated at Raipur district, radiating a power. The peoples are living all around the transmitter stations. The antenna bears total maximum transmission power at frequencies of 850 MHz 0f 1500 watt when working at full power.

Secondly we have visited to the TV tower, situated at Sarkanda, Bilaspur and collected information. This tower is of 30m height, radiating a power output of 10 KW, and of 100 m high.

Thirdly, we have visited to the All India Radio station of 100 m high, situated at the sarkanda Bilaspur, just near the TV station, radiating a power output of 6 KW, working in the frequency ranges 88Mhz- 108MHz.
Various data’s were collected from above stations and feed these data’s in the equation 1 & 2 in order to estimate the electric field strength near tower, at the surface of human body stand at a certain distance from tower and then the electric field absorbed by the tissues inside the body, which may create an electrical stress and hence a potential drop across the tissues. As a result function of cells may disturb.

 The scientific Principle Involved:

   The radio, TV and microwave transmission tower transmits RF and UHF electromagnetic field in the atmosphere. The intensity of these fields is maximum near the tower and reduces as Inverse Square of distance.The value of electric field EO at a distance ‘r` from a vertical transmitting antenna radiating power P is given by

 p/4πr²=1/2E₀εoc

E₀=2p/4πr² ε0c

As electromagnetic radiation falling on the human body, partially penetrate inside; create a potential drop across the tissues. The penetration of field depend upon the frequency of radiation & depth inside the skin. Field at a distance z inside from the surface of the body is given by

E_z=E₀e^-z/δ

Where δ is the skin depth, is give by: 1/qw.
The distance at which the field is reduced to 1/e of its value at boundary

when q={εμ[(1+p²)1/2-1]/2}^1/2

                  P=σ/εω

μ= permeability of tissue material 
ε= dielectric permeability
σ= conductivity of tissue material

Further derivation gives that the electric field inside the body is –

   E=E₀ ^{e-zω(με0εr) 1/2} /2

 Obesrvation

The variations of electric fields at a distance `r’ from transmission tower and inside the human body of skin, muscle and high water content tissues are shown in the table below

   Result And Discussion

When a biological body is exposed to electromagnetic waves, electric field is penetrated inside and a potential drop is created across the cells. The electric field is highest near the tower and reduces with distances. We have taken the case study of Radio Station Bilaspur, TV tower Bilaspur and Raipur, Mobile telephone base stations Bilaspur. All these transmission stations radiate different power at different frequencies as described in table above, also describes the variation of electric field as it penetrates the body of high water content tissues.
It is clear that the electric field strength is high near the transmission tower, so the people living nearby areas are exposed to higher fields and hence they are affected more. There is more potential drop at high frequency like MTBS. The reveals that the radiation of higher frequency is more powerful to human body.. The harmful effects are more near tower where the fields and potential drops are higher like mobile telephone base stations. This result has been verified up to certain extent by taking a simple example of Onion.

 Conclusion

All above episode shows that the radiation from the Radio, TV and MTBS transmission towers are very harmful to the people living nearby. The harmfulness can be reduced as the distance increases. Hence the transmission towers should be located away from the residential areas at least one km away so that the adverse effect can be reduced very much.

Up

2.Effect of transmission tower- (A case study- Malhar,Bilaspur)

We have visited to our local area Malhar, we found that two towers are available there at a short distance of 300 m, one of BSNL and another of airtel and idea jointly working; BSNL tower is underconstruction, where as Airtel and Ideatower is working nicely, it is situated at the center of the village malhar as shown in fig. We met Mr. rithesh Sharma and mR. dinesh sharma working as engg. It can be seen thet most of the population covered around the towers in a single tower BTS antennas are fixed one antenna is working for Airtel and another for Idea and thind is linled to the another place. They are working in the frequency range 1500-1900 MHz. Coverage range is made near about 8-10 kms. Now these transmission tower radiating waves of 1500-1900MHz which directly effect the people living around the tower., observations are given. here

 Obesrvation

The scientific Principle Involved:

[Transmission Tower-Malhar]

The Principal Involved in this study is same as above.

Conclusion

All above episode shows that the radiation from the Radio, TV and MTBS transmission towers are very harmful to the people living nearby. The harmfulness can be reduced as the distance increases. Hence the transmission towers should be located away from the residential areas at least one km away so that the adverse effect can be reduced very much.

Moreover we found that a large number of eoples using mobile phones, most of them are having Airtel and Idea connections. Few peoples are having BSNL connection If we count the radiations emitting from these mobile phones along with effect from transmission tower, it produce huge effects on the people and we are generally ignoring these facts.
As in case of eeg study given later it is easily find that how much peoples are affected using mobile phones and what kind of effects occurs i.e. brain waves changes in different rhythms producing in brain, while using mobile phones. 

Up

[expand all][collapse all]