Virtual

Early pioneers began to experiment with virtual technologies since the 1980’s. In the 1990’s the University of North Carolina developed virtual reality headsets for surgeons. These early headsets where used to practice normal surgeries and robotic surgeries. (McCloy)

Virtual reality is when humans are able to interact with an environment that is created by a computer. For this virtual reality to be good for surgery the experience must feel and look lifelike. Virtual reality combines live video with three dimensional images created by a computer. (McGoven)

Virtual reality uses the natural senses and skills of the surgeon. Virtual surgery simulators are available throughout the world. The internet and “e-learning” have encouraged the development of virtual technology. Today Sweden is investing a lot of money into virtual technology. (McCloy)

The more advanced virtual surgery simulators have a force feedback feature. With the force feedback you can feel the patient’s skin push back against your needle while virtually drawing blood from a virtual patient. This force feedback adds to the feeling of reality, it helps immensely in the training of nurses and paramedics. (McCloy)

Virtual surgery simulators are used in some places to choose the medical students with the best skills. Virtual training can be performed without the need of supervision. (McCloy). Simple virtual simulators are available for free on the Internet for everyone to try out their surgical skills.

Benefits

With virtual surgery training, aspiring medical students can practice surgeries. You can repeat any steps of the surgery on which you could be having trouble. The surgery can be recorded and replayed so that you or your supervisor can view it later and see what you are doing correct and what you are doing wrong. (McGoven)

Virtual surgery reduces the cost of training for surgeries, for the medical students. The training can be done anywhere. It does not have to be done in an operating room like regular surgical training. Virtual training also reduces the risk of death during a real surgery. (McCloy)

A study done on 28 Swedish medical students showed that performing virtual surgeries and remembering how you did it enhances their performance in a real surgery. (Hedman)

Non-Virtual surgical training is very expensive. (McCloy)

Using virtual surgery trainees are able to interact and make judgments through sight and touch like in a real surgery. The use of simulators allows the students to practice life threatening situations without as much stress as in a real surgery. Simulators allow you to improve your hand movements in 3D virtual environments as well as in 2D virtual environments. In real life there is no complete control over when and where you can practice surgeries on real people, with virtual surgery you eliminate any barriers having to do with time and place. You can perform the virtual surgery at any time (University of Michigan).

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Los pioneros de la sirugia virtual empesaron a expirementar en los 1980’s. En los 1990’s la Universidad de Norte Carolina iso un casco de realidad virtual para los dirujanos. Estos primeros cascos se usaban para practicar sirujia normal y robotica.

Realidad virtual es cuando los humanos pueden interactar con algo echo por una computadora. Para que esto sea Buena en sirujias tiene que verse y sentirse real. Realidad virtual combina video y imagenes creadas por una computadora.

Realidad virtual usa los sentidos naturales del sirujano.  Simuladores de sirujia virtual estan disponibles en too el mundo. El internet y e-learning han echo que cresca mas. Hoy Suecia esta invertiendo mucho dinero en tecnologia virtual.

Los simuladores mas avansados tienen regreso de fuerza. Con el regreso de fuerza  puedes sentir como presiona la jeringa cuanda la insertas para sacar sangre. Este regreso de fuerza hace que se sienta mas real la sirujia, y ayuda bastamente a los estudiantes que quieren ser doctores, enfermeras, o sirujanos.

Los simuladores aeces son usados para escojer a los estudiantes medicos con mejores performaciones. Estos entrenadores virtuales se pueden ser usados sin supervision. Simuladores simples estan en el internet para que todos los traten.

Beneficios

Con entrenamiento de sirugia virtual, los estudiantes medicos, pueden practicar sirujias. Puedes repetir cualquier parte de la sirujia con la que tengas problemas. La sirujia puede ser gravada y vista de Nuevo port u supervisor para que vea si lo ases vien o mal.

La sirugia virtual reduce el costo de entrenamiento para los estudiantes medicos. El entrenamiento puede ser echo en donde quira. No tiene que ser en el cuarto de operacion como normalmente lo es. Sirugia virtual reduse el riesgo de muerte en una sirugia virtual.

Un estudio echo en 28 estudiantes medicos de Suecia indica que aciendo sirujias virtuales y recordando como las isiste hace tus sirujias reales mejores.

Entrenamiento no virtual es muy costoso.

Usando estos simuladores de sirujia virtual te deja acer decisions usado la vista y el tacto como en una sirujia real. Los simuladores dejan practicar situasiones de vida o muerte sin el stress de una sirujia real. Te ayuda a mejorar tus movimientos en un lugar de segunda o tercera dimension. En la vida real no puedes escojer que tipos de procedimientos o sirujias los pacientes necesitan pero con los simuladores puedes escojer. Y elimina la barrera del tiempo porque lo puedes hacer cuando quieras.

McGoven, Kevin.  “Applications of virtual reality to surgery: still in the prototype stage.”  British Medical Journal 308.n6936 (April 23, 1994):  1054(2). General OneFile.  Garden City Community College. 7 Feb. 2008.  http://find.galegroup.com/ips/start.do?prodId=IPS.  

McCloy, Rory, and Robert Stone.  “Virtual reality in surgery. (clinical review).”  British Medical Journal 323.7318 (Oct 20, 2001): 912(4).  General OneFile. Gale.  Garden City Community College. 7 Feb 2008.  http://find.galegroup.com/ips/start.do?prodId=IPS.  

University Of Michigan Health System. “Virtual Surgery’ Simulation Help Train Tomorrow’s Surgeons.” ScienceDaily 29 November 2004.  15 February 2008 http://www.scincedaily.com/releases/2004/11/041129101828.html.