What is a robot?
History of machine is not only related to its creation and definition of its use and application, it also is history of the human who created, completed and used it.
Robots as iron men and even as robots used in Robocop competitions have obsessed people's mind for 30 years. But robots as industrial machines have been in human mind since industrial revolution or steam age. Robots have changed a lot through last decades. Before, they were only simple machines, but today they are very complicated things that even seem to pass human and work as doctors or engineers .The idea of robots as humanlike objects is very recent but in fact a computer or even a watch can be a robot.
The word robot in everyday language is applied to a machine which can manipulate automatically transactional and manual work. For this purpose a robot needs to be programmed by a human, a program which is stored in his memory. An industrial robot is a multifunctional machine, with transactional ability which is used in industry. its program is changeable .also its controlling unit and mechanical system are changeable, but no changes can be exerted in reducing its programs or its" only reading memory". The given definitions were suggested by Japan, United States of America, West Germany, Sweden, Italy, England and France.
To use "revolution" for fields of studying such as: mechanics, electronics, informatics, or artificial intelligence that all make robotic science may sound inappropriate. In fact industrial robots are included in phase of technological evolution in which for the first time in human history a robot is substituted for a worker and so it is not unreal to call robots revolutionary.
Robots have various functions in industry. Their role in hospitals is undeniable. They are also used in lots of other places such as farming or extinguishing fires. They are even used as supervisors, and Educational advisors. Space, mines and oceans are all areas of robot's activities. Spare hands, and feet for disables are also members of robot's family.
One may say that a robot is an electronic machine with following features:
It can be programmed again and again
It is multifunctional
It is practical and efficient for different environments
Deciding section ( a program to decide for needed activities)
A robot, if employed appropriately, can do everyday routines better and cheaper. By the development of technology more people can use robots, and growth of its market can compete with that of computer in last 30 years. in fact robots can be considered as mechanical improvement of computer technology.
The social value of robots is in that these interesting serving machines enable people to be more exact in creative and constructive work. Not only do they improve the living standard but the quality of life.
I started my article by referring to Chapek's science-fiction play, arguing that they are the robot of devil which harm people, but I should claim that they have been the heralds of social and economic profits.