Hyperthermia

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The normal body temperature is approximately 37^oC, and a person is in hyperthermia when their body temperature is above this. Amongst other reasons, the body should be kept at this temperature as it is the optimum temperature for enzyme activity.

Temperature Guide

50^oC+ - Certain Death
45^oC - 49^oC - Death Probable
41^oC - 44^oC - Brain Damage
39^oC - 41^oC - Heat Exhaustion, less dangerous

Recognising Hyperthermia

The casualty may:

• Be red or pink
• Be vomiting
• Have cramp
• Be confused
• Have a headache
• Be dizzy
• Feel as if they are close to fainting
• Start trembling

The casualty may or may not be sweating. No sweating is more dangerous.

A person in hyperthermia can also be unconscious or in a coma.

Treatment

Move the casualty out of the sun or any heat sources, into the shade or a cool area. Give the casualty a cool (not cold) drink. A cloth containing cool (not cold) water can be laid on the skin to help cooling.

In severe cases, immersing the casualty in cool (again, not cold) water can be an effective method of cooling. Be careful not to let the casualty's head sink below the surface. You should contact the emergency services for help.

If the casualty becomes unconscious, begin life support sequences. If breathing stops, start CPR.

Remember the Difference

"Hypo- is low [temperatures]".

Citations:	Gallagher, R. M., & Ingram, P. (1997). Enzymes In GCSE Chemistry (pp. 130-131). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
	Handley, A.J. (2006). Life Support: Basic Skills to Save Lives. Broom: Royal Life Saving Society (UK).
	National Institute on Aging. (1989). Hyperthermia. Retrieved April 2, 2007, from Walter Reed Army Medical Center Web site: http://www.wramc.amedd.army.mil/education/hyperthe.htm