A:

Abdominal-

• Midsection of a human containing the stomach, liver, intestines, and other organs

Acquired heart failure-

• Heart failure due to personal reasons

Acute rheumatic fever-

• An inflammatory fever that comes after an infection that deals with streptococcus bacteria

Adolescence-

• A period in a human’s life where physical and mental changes occur

Amniocentesis-

• A surgical procedure to get amniotic fluid from the amniotic sac in the uterus

 Amniotic fluid-

• Watery fluid in the amnion, this is where the embryo is held

Aneurysm-

• Weakening of a blood vessel’s wall

Antibiotics-

• A substance made from bacteria, fungi, or another organism to prohibit or kill microorganisms

Aortic Dissection-

• A splitting of the aortic media

Artery-

• A blood vessel that delivers blood from the heart to the body

Arthritis-

• Inflammation of a joint

Ataxic CP-

• Cerebral palsy marked by hypotonic muscles and poor coordination and balance

Athetoid CP-

• This type of Cerebral Palsy has to do with muscle tone

Attain-

• To reach or succeed

Auditory nerve-

• One of the eighth pair of cranial nerves that contain sensory fibers

Autonomic nervous system-

• Part of the nervous system that controls the involuntary functions of the body

B:

Bacteria-

• A one celled organism that looks spherical, spiral, or rod shaped they are involved in putrefaction, infectious diseases, or nitrogen fixation

Balanced translocation-

• Translocation of the longer arm of an acrocentric chromosome to another chromosome, accompanied by loss of the small fragment containing the centromere

Blood-

• A fluid being of plasma, red and white blood cells, and platelets circumnavigates the body while containing and releasing oxygen, nutrients, and waste materials through and out of the body

Blood clot-

• A partially solid material consisting of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets

Blood sugar level-

• The level of glucose in the blood

Blood vessels-

• A flexible tube where blood circulates the body

Bloodline-

• A line of dissent or pedigree

Bone deformities-

• Deformed bones

Bone marrow-

• Soft fatty tissue that is located in the center of the bones which make red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets

Bowel movements-

• Movements in the digestive tract

Brain-

• Part of the central nervous system inside in the cranium vertebrates, being of a soft, complex mass of gray and white matter and made to control and coordinate voluntary and involuntary actions

C:

Calcium-

• A mineral found mainly in the hard part of bones, where it is stored

Cancerous-

• Anything that is or of cancer

Capillary-

• A minute blood vessel

Cardiologist-

• A specialist of the heart

Carrier-

• The bearer of a defective gene

Cartilage-

• Usually translucent somewhat elastic tissue that composes most of the skeleton of vertebrate embryos

Cataracts-

• A coloring of the eye that causes impaired vision

Cell-

• A microscopic structure containing nuclear and cytoplasmic material, also containing genetic materials

Cell membrane-

• A membrane that is permeable that encloses the cytoplasm of a cell

Chloride-

• Any compound containing a chlorine molecule

Chorionic villus sampling-

• Biopsy of the chorion frondosum

Chromosome-

• Any of the threadlike strands made of cromatin that carry genetic information for the operation of the body

Chromosome arm-

• A part of a chromosome that extends from the center of the chromosome on a Y chromosome there are three, on an X, there are four

Chromosomal-

• Of or relating to a chromosome

Chronic-

• Frequent recurrence over a long period of time

Chronic Respiratory Failure-

• Repetitive respiratory failure

Clotting factors-

• Factors that lead to blood clotting

Collagen-

• An insoluble fibrous protein of vertebrates that is the chief constituent of the fibrils of connective tissue (as in skin and tendons) and of the organic substance of bones and yields gelatin and glue on prolonged heating with water

Conception-

• The creation of a zygote (full cell) by the union of the male sperm and female ovum; commonly known as fertilization

Connective bone tissue-

• A type of mineralized tissue that contains collagen and calcium phosphate

Contracts-

• To become affected with

Coronary arteries-

• The two arteries that supply blood to the heart tissue

Coronary wall-

• The wall of the heart

CRTAP gene-

• The CRTAP gene provides instructions for making a protein called cartilage associated protein

CT scans-

• A selective scan of a part of the body

Cyanobacteria-

• A photosynthetic bacterium of the class Coccogoneae or Hormogoneae, generally blue-green in color and in some species capable of nitrogen fixation Cyanobacteria were once thought to be algae. Also called blue-green alga

Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator -

• An ABC-transporter-class protein that transports chlorine ions across certain cell membranes

D:

Defects-

• A lack or deficiency of something necessary for adequacy in form or function

Defibrillator-

• A medical device used in the defibrillation of the heart

Deficiency-

• A shortage of substances (as vitamins) necessary to health

Deformities-

• A bodily malformation, distortion, or disfigurement

Deoxyribose nucleic acid-

• The scientific name for DNA

Desmopressin-

• A synthetic hormone that is administered in the form of its hydrated acetate salt C₄₆H₆₄N₁₄O₁₂S₂·C₂H₄O₂·3H₂O and is used for its antidiuretic effect in treating diabetes insipidus due to injury to the neurohypophyseal system and nocturnal enuresis and for its effect of increasing certain clotting factors in treating some bleeding disorders

Depression-

• A condition of general emotional dejection and withdrawal; sadness greater and more prolonged than that warranted by any objective reason

Diabetes-

• A disorder of carbohydrate metabolism, usually occurring in genetically predisposed individuals, characterized by inadequate production or utilization of insulin and resulting in excessive amounts of glucose in the blood and urine, excessive thirst, weight loss, and in some cases progressive destruction of small blood vessels leading to such complications as infections and gangrene of the limbs or blindness

Diagnosis-        

• The art or act of identifying a disease from its signs and symptoms

Dialysis-

• The process by which uric acid and urea are removed from circulating blood by means of a dialyzer

Diaphragm-

• A body partition of muscle and connective tissue; specifically: the partition separating the chest and abdominal cavities in mammals

Diarrhea-

• An intestinal disorder characterized by abnormal frequency and fluidity of fecal evacuations

Digestive system-

• The bodily system concerned with the ingestion, digestion, and absorption of food

Diplegia-

• Paralysis of corresponding parts (as the legs) on both sides of the body

Discharge-

• To give outlet to or emit

Disorientation-

• Mental confusion or impaired awareness, especially regarding place, time, or personal identity

Disproportional-

• Not in proportion

DNA-

• Any of various nucleic acids that are usually the molecular basis of heredity, are constructed of a double helix held together by hydrogen bonds between purine and pyrimidine bases which project inward from two chains containing alternate links of deoxyribose and phosphate, and that in eukaryotes are localized chiefly in cell nuclei

DNA enzyme-

• Some chemicals in DNA

Dosage-

• The addition of an ingredient or the application of an agent in a measured dose

Dura-

• Membrane on the spine

Dura Mater-

• The tough fibrous membrane lined with endothelium on the inner surface that envelops the brain and spinal cord external to the arachnoid and pia mater, that in the cranium closely lines the bone, does not dip down between the convolutions, and contains numerous blood vessels and venous sinuses, and that in the spinal cord is separated from the bone by a considerable space and contains no venous sinuses

Dyskinetic CP -

• Cerebral palsy marked by involuntary uncontrolled writhing movements

Dystrophin-

• A protein of high molecular weight that is associated with a transmembrane glycoprotein complex of skeletal muscle cells and is absent in Duchenne muscular dystrophy and deficient or of abnormal molecular weight in Becker muscular dystrophy

E:

Echocardiogram-

• A visual record made by echocardiography

EEG-

The tracing of brain waves made by an electroencephalograph

Egg-

• The female reproductive organism

Egg Enzymes-

• Chemicals in the egg

Electrocardiogram-

• A graphic produced by an electrocardiograph, which records the electrical activity of the heart over time

Embryo-

• An animal in the early stages of growth and differentiation that are characterized by cleavage, the laying down of fundamental tissues, and the formation of primitive organs and organ systems; especially : the developing human individual from the time of implantation to the end of the eighth week after conception

EMG-

• An instrument that converts the electrical activity associated with functioning skeletal muscle into a visual record or into sound and has been used to diagnose neuromuscular disorders and in biofeedback training

Enamel-

• The hard, calcareous substance covering the exposed portion of a tooth

Enzymes-

• Any of numerous complex proteins that are produced by living cells and catalyze specific biochemical reactions at body temperatures

Epithelial cells-

• Cells in the thyroid gland that produce and secrete thyroxime

Estrogen-

• Any of various natural steroids (as estradiol) that are formed from androgen precursors, that are secreted chiefly by the ovaries, placenta, adipose tissue, and testes, and that stimulate the development of female secondary sex characteristics and promote the growth and maintenance of the female reproductive system; also: any of various synthetic or semisynthetic steroids (as ethinyl estradiol) that mimic the physiological effect of natural estrogens

Ethnic-

• Pertaining to or characteristic of a people

F:

Facial deformities-

• Defects or deformation on the face

Facial tics-

• Local and habitual spasmodic motion of particular muscles especially of the face

Farnesyltransferase inhibitors (FTIs)-

• FTIs are a class of experimental cancer drugs that target the Ras protein, which is commonly abnormally active in cancer

Fertilization-

• An act or process of fecundation, insemination, or impregnation

Fetus-

• An unborn or unhatched vertebrate especially after attaining the basic structural plan of its kind; specifically: a developing human from usually two months after conception to birth

G:

Gene-

• A specific sequence of nucleotides in DNA or RNA that is located usually on a chromosome and that is the functional unit of inheritance controlling the transmission and expression of one or more traits by specifying the structure of a particular polypeptide and especially a protein or controlling the function of other genetic material

Gene therapy-

• The insertion of usually genetically altered genes into cells especially to replace defective genes in the treatment of genetic disorders or to provide a specialized disease-fighting function (as the destruction of tumor cells)

Genetic disorder-

• A disorder dealing with DNA and genes

Genetic mutation-

• A mutation on the cellular level

Geneticist-

• A specialist or expert in genetics

Genitourinary system-

• The system of organs comprising those concerned with the production and excretion of urine and those concerned with reproduction

Glaucoma-

• A disease of the eye marked by increased pressure within the eyeball that can result in damage to the optic disk and gradual loss of vision

H:

Heart-

• A hollow muscular organ of vertebrate animals that by its rhythmic contraction acts as a force pump maintaining the circulation of the blood and that in the human adult is about five inches (13 centimeters) long and three and one half inches (9 centimeters) broad, is of conical form, is placed obliquely in the chest with the broad end upward and to the right and the apex opposite the interval between the cartilages of the fifth and sixth ribs on the left side, is enclosed in a serous pericardium, and consists as in other mammals and in birds of four chambers divided into an upper pair of rather thin-walled atria which receive blood from the veins and a lower pair of thick-walled ventricles into which the blood is forced and which in turn pump it into the arteries

Helix-

• A curve traced on a cylinder by the rotation of a point crossing its right sections at a constant oblique angle

Hemiplegia-

• Total or partial paralysis of one side of the body that results from disease of or injury to the motor centers of the brain

Hemoglobin-

• An iron-containing respiratory pigment of vertebrate red blood cells that functions primarily in the transport of oxygen from the lungs to the tissues of the body, that consists of four polypeptide chains of which two are of the type designated alpha and two are of one of the types designated beta, gamma, or delta and each of which is linked to a heme molecule, that combines loosely and reversibly with oxygen in the lungs or gills to form oxyhemoglobin and with carbon dioxide in the tissues to form carbhemoglobin, that in humans is present normally in blood to the extent of 14 to 16 grams in 100 milliliters expressed sometimes on a scale of 0 to 100 with an average normal value (as 15 grams) taken as 100, and that is determined in blood either colorimetrically or by quantitative estimation of the iron present

Hereditary-

• The transfer of characteristics from parent to offspring through their genes

HERG gene-

• Encodes a potassium ion channel responsible for the repolarizing I_Kr current in the cardiac action potential

Heterozygous-

• Having the two genes at corresponding loci on homologous chromosomes different for one or more loci

Hereditary-

• Genetically transmitted or transmittable from parent to offspring

Hexosaminidase A-

• The more thermolabile hexosaminidase that is deficient in both Tay-Sachs disease and Sandhoff's disease

High blood pressure-

• Abnormally high arterial blood pressure that is usually indicated by an adult systolic blood pressure of 140 mm Hg or greater or a diastolic blood pressure of 90 mm Hg or greater, is chiefly of unknown cause but may be attributable to a preexisting condition (as a renal or endocrine disorder), that typically results in a thickening and inelasticity of arterial walls and hypertrophy of the left heart ventricle, and that is a risk factor for various pathological conditions or events (as heart attack, heart failure, stroke, end-stage renal disease, or retinal hemorrhage)

Hormone-

• A product of living cells that circulates in body fluids (as blood) or sap and produces a specific often stimulatory effect on the activity of cells usually remote from its point of origin

Hydrotherapy-

• This is probably the oldest form of medical treatment. It involves the use of water for soothing pains and treating diseases

Hypothalamus-

• A basal part of the diencephalon that lies beneath the thalamus on each side, forms the floor of the third ventricle, and includes vital autonomic regulatory centers (as for the control of food intake)

Hypotonia-

• The state of having hypotonic muscle tone

I:

Infection-

• An infective agent or material contaminated with an infective agent

Infertile-

• Not fertile; especially: incapable of or unsuccessful in achieving pregnancy over a considerable period of time (as a year) in spite of determined attempts by heterosexual intercourse without contraception

Inflammation-

• A local response to cellular injury that is marked by capillary dilatation, leukocytic infiltration, redness, heat, pain, swelling, and often loss of function and that serves as a mechanism initiating the elimination of noxious agents and of damaged tissue

Inherited condition-

• A condition that is genetically handed down from their parents

Intestines-

• The tubular portion of the alimentary canal that lies posterior to the stomach from which it is separated by the pyloric sphincter and consists of a slender but long anterior part made up of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum which function in digestion and assimilation of nutrients and a broader shorter posterior part made up of the cecum, colon, and rectum which serve chiefly to extract moisture from the by-products of digestion and evaporate them into

Insulin-

• A protein hormone that is synthesized in the pancreas from proinsulin and secreted by the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans, that is essential for the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins, that regulates blood sugar levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into tissues, by promoting its conversion into glycogen, fatty acids, and triglycerides, and by reducing the release of glucose from the liver, and that when produced in insufficient quantities results in diabetes mellitus

Inversion-

• A breaking off of a chromosome section and its subsequent reattachment in inverted position; also: a chromosomal section that has undergone this process; the conversion of dextrorotatory sucrose into a levorotatory mixture of glucose and fructose

Iris-

• The opaque muscular contractile diaphragm that is suspended in the aqueous humor in front of the lens of the eye, is perforated by the pupil and is continuous peripherally with the ciliary body, has a deeply pigmented posterior surface which excludes the entrance of light except through the pupil and a colored anterior surface which determines the color of the eyes

Iron-

• A heavy malleable ductile magnetic silver-white metallic element that readily rusts in moist air, occurs native in meteorites and combined in most igneous rocks, is the most used of metals, and is vital to biological processes (as in transport of oxygen in the body)

IV fluids-

• Any medication, blood, or nutrients pumped through an IV

J:

Joint-

• The point of contact between elements of an animal skeleton whether movable or rigidly fixed together with the surrounding and supporting parts (as membranes, tendons, or ligaments)

K:

Kidney-

• One of a pair of vertebrate organs situated in the body cavity near the spinal column that excrete waste products of metabolism, in humans are bean-shaped organs about 4½ inches (11½ centimeters) long lying behind the peritoneum in a mass of fatty tissue, and consist chiefly of nephrons by which urine is secreted, collected, and discharged into the pelvis of the kidney whence it is conveyed by the ureter to the bladder

L:

Lamin A-

• One of the intermediate filament proteins that weave together to form a shell called the nuclear lamina which lines the inner surface of the nucleus of every eukaryotic cell

Larynx-

• The modified upper part of the respiratory passage of air-breathing vertebrates that is bounded above by the glottis, is continuous below with the trachea, has a complex cartilaginous or bony skeleton capable of limited motion through the action of associated muscles, and in humans, most other mammals, and a few lower forms has a set of elastic vocal cords that play a major role in sound production and speech

Learning disability-

• Any of various disorders (as dyslexia or dysgraphia) that interfere with an individual's ability to learn resulting in impaired functioning in verbal language, reasoning, or academic skills (as reading, writing, and mathematics) and are thought to be caused by difficulties in processing and integrating information

Ligaments-

• A tough band of tissue that serves to connect the articular extremities of bones or to support or retain an organ in place and is usually composed of coarse bundles of dense white fibrous tissue parallel or closely interlaced, pliant, and flexible, but not extensible

Liver-

• A large very vascular glandular organ of vertebrates that secretes bile and causes important changes in many of the substances contained in the blood which passes through it (as by converting sugars into glycogen which it stores up until required and by forming urea), that in humans is the largest gland in the body, weighs from 40 to 60 ounces (1100 to 1700 grams), is a dark red color, and occupies the upper right portion of the abdominal cavity immediately below the diaphragm, that is divided by fissures into five lobes, and that receives blood both from the hepatic artery and the portal vein and returns it to the systemic circulation by the hepatic veins

LMNA gene-

• The LMNA gene provides instructions for making several slightly different proteins. The two major proteins, lamin A and lamin C, are produced in most of the body's cells

Lung-

• One of the usually two compound saccular organs that constitute the basic respiratory organ of air-breathing vertebrates, that normally occupy the entire lateral parts of the thorax and consist essentially of an inverted tree of intricately branched bronchioles communicating with thin-walled terminal alveoli swathed in a network of delicate capillaries where the actual gaseous exchange of respiration takes place, and that in humans are somewhat flattened with a broad base resting against the diaphragm and have the right lung divided into three lobes and the left into two lobes

Lymph nodes-

• Small, rounded structures along the small vessels of the lymphatic system that produce disease-fighting white blood cells and filter out harmful microorganisms and toxins from the lymph. Lymph nodes may become enlarged when they are actively fighting infection

M:

Mental retardation-

• Subaverage intellectual ability equivalent to or less than an IQ of 70 that is accompanied by significant deficits in abilities (as in communication or self-care) necessary for independent daily living, is present from birth or infancy, and is manifested especially by delayed or abnormal development, by learning difficulties, and by problems in social adjustment a discharging of blood, secretions, and tissue debris from the uterus that recurs in

Menstruation-

• Nonpregnant human and other primate females of breeding age at approximately  monthly intervals and that is considered to represent a readjustment of the uterus to the nonpregnant state following proliferative changes accompanying the preceding ovulation

Metabolism-

• The sum of the processes in the buildup and destruction of protoplasm; specifically: the chemical changes in living cells by which energy is provided for vital processes and activities and new material is assimilated

Mixed CP-

• A type of Cerebral palsy that includes symptoms from all other types

Molecules-

• The smallest particle of a substance that retains all the properties of the substance and is composed of one or more atoms

MRIs-

• A procedure in which magnetic resonance imaging is used

Mucous membrane-

• A membrane rich in mucous glands; specifically : one that lines body passages and cavities which communicate directly or indirectly with the exterior (as the alimentary, respiratory, and genitourinary tracts), that functions in protection, support, nutrient absorption, and secretion of mucus, enzymes, and salts, and that consists of a deep vascular connective-tissue stroma which in many parts of the alimentary canal contains a thin but definite layer of nonstriated muscle and a superficial epithelium which has an underlying basement membrane and varies in kind and thickness but is always soft and smooth and kept lubricated by the secretions of the cells and numerous glands embedded in the membrane -- called also mucosa

Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome-

• An acute febrile disease of unknown cause affecting especially infants and children that is characterized by a reddish macular rash especially on the trunk, conjunctivitis, inflammation of mucous membranes (as of the tongue), erythema of the palms and soles followed by desquamation, edema of the hands and feet, and swollen lymph nodes in the neck

Mucus-

• A viscid slippery secretion that is usually rich in mucins and is produced by mucous membranes which it moistens and protects

Muscles-

• Body tissues consisting of long cells that contract when stimulated and produce motion

Mutation-

• A relatively permanent change in hereditary material involving either a physical change in chromosome relations or a biochemical change in the codons that make up genes; also : the process of producing a mutation

N:

Nausea-

• A stomach distress with distaste for food and an urge to vomit

NCV-

• Related to the diameter of the nerve and the normal degree of myelination on the nerve

Nearsighted-

• Able to see near things more clearly than distant ones

Nerve -

• Any of the filamentous bands of nervous tissue that connect parts of the nervous system with the other organs, conduct nervous impulses, and are made up of axons and dendrites together with protective and supportive structures and that for the larger nerves have the fibers gathered into funiculi surrounded by a perineurium and the funiculi enclosed in a common epineurium

Neurofibromas-

• A fibroma composed of nervous and connective tissue and produced by proliferation of Schwann cells

Neurologist-

• One who specializes in the nervous system

NF2-

• Neurofibromatosis type 2

NF1-

• Neurofibromatosis type 1

Nucleus-

• A large, membrane-bound, usually spherical protoplasmic structure within a living cell, containing the cell's hereditary material and controlling its metabolism, growth, and reproduction

Nutrients-

• A nutritive substance or ingredient

O:

Obesity-

• A condition that is characterized by excessive accumulation and storage of fat in the body and that in an adult is typically indicated by a body mass index of 30 or greater

Occupational therapy-

• Therapy based on engagement in meaningful activities of daily life (as self-care skills, education, work, or social interaction) especially to enable or encourage participation in such activities despite impairments or limitations in physical or mental functioning

Optic nerve-

• Either of the pair of sensory nerves that comprise the second pair of cranial nerves, arise from the ventral part of the diencephalon, form an optic chiasma before passing to the eye and spreading over the anterior surface of the retina, and conduct visual stimuli to the brain -- called also second cranial nerve

Ophthalmologist-

• A specialist of the eye

Organisms-

• An individual constituted to carry on the activities of life by means of organs separate in function but mutually dependent

Organs-

• A differentiated structure (as a heart or kidney) consisting of cells and tissues and performing some specific function in an organism

Osteoporosis-

• A condition that affects especially older women and is characterized by decrease in bone mass with decreased density and enlargement of bone spaces producing porosity and brittleness

Orthopedist-

• Specialist in the skeletal system

Ovaries-

• One of the typically paired essential female reproductive organs that produce eggs and in vertebrates female sex hormones, that occur in the adult human as oval flattened bodies about one and a half inches (four centimeters) long suspended from the dorsal surface of the broad ligament of either side, that arise from the mesonephros, and that consist of a vascular fibrous stroma enclosing developing egg cells

Oxygen-

• A colorless tasteless odorless gaseous element that constitutes 21 percent of the atmosphere and is found in water, in most rocks and minerals, and in numerous organic compounds, that is capable of combining with all elements except the inert gases, that is active in physiological processes, and that is involved especially in combustion processes

P:

Pancreas-

• A large lobulated gland that in humans lies in front of the upper lumbar vertebrae and behind the stomach and is somewhat hammer-shaped and firmly attached anteriorly to the curve of the duodenum with which it communicates through one or more pancreatic ducts and that consists of (1) tubular acini secreting digestive enzymes which pass to the intestine and function in the breakdown of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates; (2) modified acinar cells that form islets of Langerhans between the tubules and secrete the hormones insulin and glucagon; and (3) a firm connective-tissue capsule that extends supportive strands into the organ

Pancreatic Enzymes –

• Enzymes in the pancreas

Pectus carinatum-

• Describes a protrusion of the chest over the sternum

Pectus excavatum-

• A condition in which the "breast bone" (sternum) appears sunken and the chest concave

Pericarditis-

• Inflammation of the pericardium

Phlebotomy-

• The letting of blood for transfusion, apheresis, diagnostic testing, or experimental procedures and widely used in the past to treat many types of disease but now limited to the treatment of only a few specific conditions (as hemochromatosis and polycythemia vera)

Physician-

• A person who practices some type of human biological medicine

Pigment-

• A coloring matter in animals and plants especially in a cell or tissue; also : any of various related colorless substances

Potassium-

• A silver-white soft light low-melting monovalent metallic element of the alkali metal group that occurs abundantly in nature especially combined in minerals

Pneumonia-

• A disease of the lungs that is characterized especially by inflammation and consolidation of lung tissue followed by resolution, is accompanied by fever, chills, cough, and difficulty in breathing, and is caused chiefly by infection

Pneumothorax-

• A disease of the lungs that is characterized especially by inflammation and consolidation of lung tissue followed by resolution, is accompanied by fever, chills, cough, and difficulty in breathing, and is caused chiefly by infection

Prednisone-

• A glucocorticoid C₂₁H₂₆O₅ that is a dehydrogenated analog of cortisone and is used as an anti-inflammatory agent, as an antineoplastic agent, and as an immunosuppressant

Prescribing-

• To write or give medical prescriptions

Pro-Cal-

• Lactose free protein shake mix 100 calories meal replacement

Prominent-

• Standing out or projecting beyond a surface

Protein-

• Any of numerous naturally occurring extremely complex substances (as an enzyme or antibody) that consist of amino acid residues joined by peptide bonds, contain the elements carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, usually sulfur, and occasionally other elements (as phosphorus or iron), that are essential constituents of all living cells, that are synthesized from raw materials by plants but assimilated as separate amino acids by animals, that are both acidic and basic and usually colloidal in nature although many have been crystallized, and that are hydrolyzable by acids, alkalies, proteolytic enzymes, and putrefactive bacteria to polypeptides, to simpler peptides, and ultimately to alpha-amino acids

Psychiatrist-

• A physician specializing in psychiatry

Puberty-

• The condition of being or the period of becoming first capable of reproducing sexually marked by maturing of the genital organs, development of secondary sex characteristics, and in humans and the higher primates by the first occurrence of menstruation in the female

Q:

Quadriplegia-

• Paralysis of all four limbs

R:

Radicals-

• (a) A group of elements or atoms usually passing intact from one compound to another but generally incapable of prolonged existence in a free state; (b) A free radical

Recessive-

• Producing little or no phenotypic effect when occurring in heterozygous condition with a contrasting allele

Red blood cell-

• Any of the hemoglobin-containing cells that carry oxygen to the tissues and are responsible for the red color of vertebrate blood

Rejection-

• An immune response in which foreign tissue (as of a skin graft or transplanted organ) is attacked by immune system components (as antibodies, T cells, and macrophages) of the recipient organism

Relaxation techniques-

• Any method of relaxing

Respiratory-

• Of or relating to respiration

Rib cage-

• The bony enclosing wall of the chest consisting chiefly of the ribs and the structures connecting them

Ribosome-

• Any of the RNA- and protein-rich cytoplasmic granules that are sites of protein synthesis

S:

Sclera-

• Protective layer of eye

Scoliosis-

• A lateral curvature of the spine

Seizures-

• A sudden attack (as of disease); especially: the physical manifestations (as convulsions, sensory disturbances, or loss of consciousness) resulting from abnormal electrical discharges in the brain (as in epilepsy)

Serum creatinine kinase-

• An enzyme found primarily in the heart and skeletal muscles, and to a lesser extent in the brain

Sickle-

• An object of crescent shape

Skin-

• The 2-layered covering of the body consisting of an outer ectodermal epidermis that is more or less cornified and penetrated by the openings of sweat and sebaceous glands and an inner mesodermal dermis that is composed largely of connective tissue and is richly supplied with blood vessels and nerves

Skeletal-

• Of, relating to, forming, attached to, or resembling a skeleton

Skull-

• The skeleton of the head forming a bony case that encloses and protects the brain and chief sense organs and supports the jaws

Slit lamp-

• A lamp for projecting a narrow beam of intense light that is used in conjunction with a biomicroscope for examining the anterior parts (as the conjunctiva or cornea) of an eye; also: a unit consisting of both the lamp and biomicroscope

Sodium-

• The major positive ion (cation) in fluid outside of cells. The chemical notation for sodium is Na⁺. When combined with chloride, the resulting substance is table salt. Excess sodium (such as from fast food hamburger and fries) is excreted in the urine. Too much or too little sodium can cause cells to malfunction, and extremes can be fatal

Spasms-

• An involuntary and abnormal contraction of muscle or muscle fibers or of a hollow organ (as an artery, the colon, or the esophagus) that consists largely of involuntary muscle fibers

Spastic CP-

• The most common form of cerebral palsy marked by hypertonic muscles and stiff and jerky movements

Spasticity-

• A spastic state or condition; especially: muscular hypertonicity with increased tendon reflexes

Sperm-

• The male impregnating fluid

Spinal cord-

The thick longitudinal cord of nervous tissue that in vertebrates extends along the back dorsal to the bodies of the vertebrae and is enclosed in the vertebral canal formed by their neural arches, is continuous anteriorly with the medulla oblongata, gives off at intervals pairs of spinal nerves to the various parts of the trunk and limbs, serves not only as a pathway for nervous impulses to and from the brain but as a center for carrying out and coordinating many reflex actions independently of the brain, and is composed largely of white matter arranged in columns and tracts of longitudinal fibers about a large central core of gray matter somewhat H-shaped in cross section and pierced centrally by a small longitudinal canal continuous with the ventricles of the brain

• A highly vascular ductless abdominal organ of vertebrates that resembles a gland in organization but is closely associated with the circulatory system, that plays a role in the final destruction of red blood cells, filtration and storage of blood, and production of lymphocytes, and that in humans is a dark purplish flattened oblong object of a soft fragile consistency lying near the cardiac end of the stomach and consisting largely of blood and lymphoid tissue enclosed in a fibroelastic capsule from which trabeculae ramify through the tissue of the organ which is divisible into a loose friable red pulp in intimate connection with the blood supply and with red blood cells free in its interstices and a denser white pulp chiefly of lymphoid tissue condensed in masses about the small arteries

Stretch marks-

• Striae on the skin (as of the hips, abdomen, and breasts) from excessive stretching and rupture of elastic fibers especially due to pregnancy or obesity

Suppressing-

• To exclude from consciousness

Sustained-

• Designed to slowly release a drug in the body over an extended period of time

Sweat glands-

• Glands in the skin that secrete sweat

Symptoms-

• Subjective evidence of disease or physical disturbance observed by the patient <headache is a symptom of many diseases> <visual disturbances may be a symptom of retinal arteriosclerosis>; broadly: something that indicates the presence of a physical disorder

Synovium-

• The dense connective-tissue membrane that secretes synovial fluid and that lines the ligamentous surfaces of joint capsules, tendon sheaths where free movement is necessary, and bursae

T:

Temple bone-

• A bone on the side of your skull

Terminal-

• Leading ultimately to death

Tibia-

• The inner and usually larger of the two bones of the leg between the knee and ankle that articulates above with the femur and below with the talus -- called also shinbone

Tics-

• A habitual movement of a muscle

Tissue damage-

• Any damage done to tissue

Tissues-

• An aggregate of cells usually of a particular kind together with their intercellular substance that form one of the structural materials of a plant or an animal and that in animals include connective tissue, epithelium, muscle tissue, and nerve tissue

Thalassemia-

• Any of a group of inherited hypochromic anemias and especially Cooley's anemia controlled by a series of allelic genes that cause reduction in or failure of synthesis of one of the globin chains making up hemoglobin and that tend to occur especially in individuals of Mediterranean, African, or southeastern Asian ancestry -- sometimes used with a prefix (as alpha-, beta-, or delta-) to indicate the hemoglobin chain affected; called also Mediterranean anemia

Therapeutic genes-

• Special genes used in gene therapy

Trace mineral-

• A mineral essential to the function of the body

Trait-

• An inherited characteristic

Tricep-

• A muscle that arises from three heads: a: the large extensor muscle that is situated along the back of the upper arm, arises by the long head from the infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula and by two heads from the shaft of the humerus, is inserted into the olecranon at the elbow, and extends the forearm at the elbow joint -- called also triceps brachii b: the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles viewed as constituting together one muscle

Translocation-

• Transfer of part of a chromosome to a different position especially on a nonhomologous chromosome; especially: the exchange of parts between nonhomologous chromosomes

Transplants-

• To transfer from one place to another; especially: to transfer (an organ or tissue) from one part or individual to another

Toxic-

• Of, relating to, or caused by a poison or toxin

Tumors-

• An abnormal benign or malignant new growth of tissue that possesses no physiological function and arises from uncontrolled usually rapid cellular proliferation

U:

Ultrasound-

• The diagnostic or therapeutic use of ultrasound and especially a noninvasive technique involving the formation of a two-dimensional image used for the examination and measurement of internal body structures and the detection of bodily abnormalities

Unwarranted-

• Without an obvious cause

Uterus-

• An organ in female mammals for containing and usually for nourishing the young during development prior to birth that consists of a greatly modified and enlarged section of an oviduct (as in rodents and marsupials) or of the two oviducts united (as in the higher primates including humans), that has thick walls consisting of an outer serous layer, a very thick middle layer of smooth muscle, and an inner mucous layer containing numerous glands, and that during pregnancy undergoes great increase in size and change in the condition of its walls -- called also womb

V:

Vectors-

• An agent (as a plasmid or virus) that contains or carries modified genetic material (as recombinant DNA) and can be used to introduce exogenous genes into the genome of an organism

Veins-

• Any of the membranous tubes that form a branching system and carry blood to the heart

Virus-

• a: the causative agent of an infectious disease; b: any of a large group of submicroscopic infective agents that are regarded either as extremely simple microorganisms or as extremely complex molecules, that typically contain a protein coat surrounding an RNA or DNA core of genetic material but no semi permeable membrane, that are capable of growth and multiplication only in living cells, and that cause various important diseases in humans, animals, or plants

Vitamin A-

• A fat-soluble vitamin or a mixture of vitamins, especially vitamin A₁ or a mixture of vitamins A₁ and A₂, occurring principally in fish-liver oils, milk, and some yellow and dark green vegetables, and functioning in normal cell growth and development. Its deficiency causes hardening and roughening of the skin, night blindness, and degeneration of mucous membranes. Also called retinol

Vitamin E-

• A fat-soluble vitamin in eight forms that is an important antioxidant

Vitamin Supplements-

• Manmade pills containing vitamins and minerals

Von Recklinghausen disease-

• Neurofibromatosis type 1

W: 

Waveform-

• The shape and form of a signal

Windpipe-

• The main trunk of the system of tubes by which air passes to and from the lungs that is about four inches (10 centimeters) long and somewhat less than an inch (2.5 centimeters) in diameter, extends down the front of the neck from the larynx, divides in two to form the bronchi, has walls of fibrous and muscular tissue stiffened by incomplete cartilaginous rings which keep it from collapsing, and is lined with mucous membrane whose epithelium is composed of columnar ciliated mucus-secreting cells -- called also windpipe

Wormian bones-

• Small ossicles within cranial suture lines

X:

X-inactivation-

• The phenomenon in a female by which one X chromosome (either the maternally or paternally derived X) is randomly (by chance) inactivated in an early embryonic cell, with fixed inactivation of that same X in all cells descended from that cell. The change that occurs with X inactivation is epigenetic: it is a heritable change in gene function without a change in the sequence of the DNA

X-ray-

• Any of the electromagnetic radiations of the same nature as visible radiation but of an extremely short wavelength less than 100 angstroms that is produced by bombarding a metallic target with fast electrons in vacuum or by transition of atoms to lower energy states and that has the properties of ionizing a gas upon passage through it, of penetrating various thicknesses of all solids, of producing secondary radiations by impinging on material bodies, of acting on photographic films and plates as light does, and of causing fluorescent screens to emit light

Y:

None

Z:

None