New
Energy Sources
All
living things need energy. But energy is not a thing
itself. Instead it describes many sources of power, including the
food we eat to survive. Many powerful energy sources were used
during the Industrial Revolution, which began in the early
eighteenth century and continued through the nineteenth century.
For the first time people began burning fossil fuels to meet their
energy needs.
Fossil
fuels (created by the
compression of plants and animals over millions of years) power
factories, the farm
equipment needed to produce large crops, and even the cars we
drive. In the 1970s we became aware of serious problems that are
the result of using fossil fuels. Oil producing countries wanted
more
money for their product. Oil-consuming countries, such as the
United States, didn't accept these higher costs. This drove the
cost of fossil fuels higher.
Since the 1970s,
scientists
have found out more about the environmental impact of fossil
fuels. Burning fossil fuels also releases large amounts
of carbon dioxide, which many scientists and environmentalists believe
is contributing to global warming. Currently, there are four main
alternative
energy sources used today: solar power,
wind
power, hydropower, and
geothermal power.