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Bite Bite.
Who's there?
Mosquito.
Mosquito who?
Mosquito don't bite me.

Australian Encephalitis

Camptorhynchus is the major vector. These infamous mosquitoes are the culprits in infecting many people mith Dengue, Australian encephalitis (caused by either Murray Valley encephalitis virus or Kunjin virus, Ross River cirus and last but not least Barmah Forest virus disease.
Some are these diseases are life threatening and all the viruses are transmitted by infected mosquitoes.
In Australia there are over 300 species of mosquitoes. Luckily only a few are dangerous.

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Some mosquitoes that carry diseases are Culex Annulirostrix (which breeds in freshwater environments) in Northern Australia, in coastal areas in the north Aedes vigilix mosquitoes are the biggest problem and in the South coast Ae.

 

 

Symptoms

sick girl
Picture drawn by Tiffany
Colored by Tejas

 

Affected Areas

map of affected areas
Map by Tiffany

There is no specific treatment. Most treatment is supportive care at home if mild with anti-inflammatory and fever reducers and in hospital if you are very sick.

 

In Australian encephalitis a person can sometimes have a very mild case and usually is unaware that they are sick, in fact only 1 in 500 people become seriously ill. There is often a sudden onset of fever, headache, dizziness and nausea and vomiting. Over the next few days there is an increased level drowsiness, change in the level of consciousness, convulsions (epilepsy), coma and death may follow. Even when people do not die they still can suffer permanent brain damage from the encephalitis. There isn't even a vaccine! So take the usual precautions for avoiding mosquito bites. Also make sure to empty out all containers that are capable of holding water. Water is a major breeding ground.

Ross river's and Barmah forerst's virus disease is also known Epidemic Polyarthritis and there is a good reason for that because the symptoms are joint pain in your wrists, toes, fingers, ankles and knees also, rashes, burning or a tingling sensation, which can last from months to years. In Ross river disease the symptoms are apparent 3-21 days after a bite and recovery is within a month. In Barmah Forest disease the rash may be worse than in Ross river disease but the arthritis may not be so severe. Dengue fever's symptoms are loss of appetite, vomiting, nausea, pain behind the eyes, severe headache, rash, high fever, mild illness, hemorrhagic fever, bleeding, bruising and 5% of people die from it.

Prevention

mosquito net
Picture drawn by Tiffany
Colored by Tejas

larvae
Picture drawn by Tiffany
Color and technique by Tejas

Writing by Victoria
Reference: Please see credits


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Epidemics are often caused by excessive rainfall which in turn increases mosquito and bird populations.