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Alexandria, founded by Alexander the Great in 332 BC, was the largest city and main port of Egypt. Built by the Greek architect Dinocrates (332-331 BC) on the site of an old fishing village,it quickly flourished into a prominent cultural, intellectual, political, and economical giant of the world. Alexandria's location was very important to its success. It was the main trading post between Europe and Asia as well as the land connection between the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea. |
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In 305 BC, Alexandria was the capital of the Ptolomies. Alexandria is famous for many landmarks, some of which are the Great Library, the Lighthouse of Alexandria, the Mouseim, and the first center for biblical studies. A pier 1.6 kilometers long was built out to the island of Pharos! On Pharos the Lighthouse of Alexandria, one of the Seven Wonders of the World, was erected. The Great Library of Alexandria was said to hold 500,000 volumes at one time. In 31 AD, Alexandria fell under Roman control and 144,000 Christians were slaughtered. In 638 AD, Muslims attacked, destroyed, and then abandoned Alexandria. Alexandria was rebuilt and then was captured by Napoleon Bonaparte in 1798. In 1820, The Mahmudiyya Canal was opened. This helped to return Alexandria to its original state of prominence in the Mediterranean. |
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