1860-70:
- Ismail is made Khedive
and starts modernising it.
- Suez Canal opens.
1870-80:
- The British buys the
Khedive's 40% holdings in the Suez Canal Company.
- Khedive Ismail is
forced to abdicate and Khedive Tewfiq takes over.
1880-90:
- British and French
stewardship brings finances under control leading
to a nationalist uprising led by Urabi Bey.
- British forces land at
Alexandria and defeat the Nationalists at Tel-El-Kebir.
British occupation begins.
- Britain and France
declare the Suez Canal neutral.
1890-00:
- Abbas JJ Hilmi becomes
the Khedive, but his actions are limited by the
British authorities.
- Sudan is declared to be
an Anglo-Egyptian condominium.
1900-10:
- Upsurge in anti-European
feeling.
- Gorst tells Egyptians
that they are unripe for self-government.
- Congress of Egyptian
Youth demand British withdrawal from Egypt.
1910-20:
- -Britain declares Egypt
a protectorate and orders all foreign vessels out
of Suez Canal.
- Turkist and Senussi
attacks on Egypt are repelled.
- Ottomans are defeated.
- More troops are sent to
Egypt to deal with nationalist unrest. Riots in
November. Britain grants constitution to Egypt.
1920-30:
- Rioting in Cairo and
Alexandria.
- Egypt is declared
independent, but with some British influence.
- Sultan Fuad becomes
King Fuad I.
- Tutankhamen discovered.
- Britain agrees to
withdraw some troops from Egypt, but not from
canal zone.
1930-40:
- Anti-British riots. Two
dead, 88 hurt.
- Farouk becomes King.
Anglo-Egyptian treaty signed.
- Farouk declared to be
the Caliph.
1940-50:
- Italians bomb Suez
Canal and enter Egypt from Libya.
- Britain forces King to
reappoint a more Pro-British government.
- Premier Ahmed Maher
Pasha is shot dead.
- Anti-British riots,
bomb explodes in British Services Club in
Alexandria.
1950-60:
- State of Emergency
declared.
- Military coup. General
Neguib comes to power. King Farouk leaves Egypt.
- Britain and Egypt
discuss future of Suez Canal.
- Britain agrees to
withdrawal of 65,000 servicemen.
- Nasser ousts Neguib.
- Israelis raid Egypt and
held Gaza Strip.
- Britain and Egypt agree
to independence of Sudan.
- Nasser assumes full
executive powers and nationalise Suez Canal
Company. Diplomatic problems force the withdrawal
of the British and French armies. Israel keeps
Gaza Strip.
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