1. Remove meat away from bone as much as possible.

2. Treat bone by removing unwanted tissues (if any) and soak it in hydrogen peroxide to remove bloody colour of bone.

• Soak it for as long as it takes for bloody colour to be removed.
• This prevents the vinegar from being too murky by the end of the experiment, so that accurate titration results can be obtained.

3. Bend bones to check flexibility and weigh it.

4. Immerse bone completely in pure white vinegar.

5. Cover jar with a lid.

6. After 1 day, check bone for flexibility and weigh it. Remove 10cm³ of vinegar and titrate it with sodium hydroxide.

7. Record results.

8. Repeat steps 6 and 7 for the next four days.

Note: Results may vary due to differing concentrations of ethanoic acid, type of acid used on bone, type of alkali used for titration and accuracy during titration.

Need help for titration? Click here for help! If you do not wish to do titration, it's ok.. Just simply skip Step 6.

Decalcification - Objectives and Materials needed | Procedure | Results and Explanation

Calcification - Objectives, Materials needed and Procedure | Results and Explanation