Hydropower

Hydropower or hydroelectric power relies on the energy created by falling water. This kinetic energy does not use a fuel to turn the turbines so there are no by-products or fuel to run out of. Hydropower, while impossible to use in some locations, is a great source of clean energy where it is available.

Impoundment: Using Dams for Power Generation

Impoundment involves blocking off a body of water, and allowing water to be released
only if it passes through the turbines that generate electricity. The power generated from
a dam can range from 100 kilowatts to 30 megawatts. The largest problem with a dam is
that the resulting lake that will form from the backed up dam can destroy or permanently
alter the surrounding areas.

The Art of Diversion: Diversion Power Generation

Power can be generated without the use of a dam by creating a canal or penstock running parallel with the river. The canal has a turbine in it that generates the power. This is ideal for ecologically fragile areas where damming could cause serious damage to the surrounding area.

Pumped Storage: A Water Battery

When power needs are low, a pumping station will pump water from a lower tank to an upper tank. When energy is required, the water is sent down from the upper tank into the lower tank. The dropping of the water generates electricity. These can be used as small back-up facilities