Instruments

The spacecraft carried a number of instruments to carry out scientific instruments. These wree as follows;

• Extreme Ultraviolet Spectrometer - it checks the loss rate of volatile gases from the satellites of the spacecraft. It also studies the composition and structure of the atmosphere of Jupiter.

• Energetic Particles Detector - it measures the energy, composition, intensity and angular distribution of charged particles

• Plasma Science - it measures the composition, energy, temperature density and three-dimensional distribution and movement of low-energy plasma ions in the spacecraft's environment.

• Heavy Ion Counter - it supplies data about collisions with ionized sulphur and oxygen atoms caught in Jupiter's magnetic field.

• Dust Detector - it studies the velocity, mass, charge and flight direction of dust particles between planets and in the atmosphere of Jupiter.

• Magnetometre Sensor- it finds out magnetic fields in the spacecraft's environment.

• Plasma Wave Antenna - it measures electrostatic and electromagnetic components of plasma waves in three dimensions.

• Radio Science - it enables the spacecraft to transmit frequency microwave radio signals for experiments, which directly supply information about rings and atmospheres, mass distribution, celestial mechanics and relativity.

Scan Platform

The spacecraft also contains the scan platform, which consists of four instruments. These instruments can be directed to point in different directions. These instruments are;

• Near- Infrared Mapping Spectrometer - it studies the thermal, compositional and structural nature of the satellites of the spacecraft

• Photopolarimeter Radiometer (PPR) - Observes light in the visible and infrared wavelengths and provides data on atmospheric composition and thermal energy distribution.

• Solid-State Imaging (SSI)- it is a 1500 mm telescopic camera that provides high-resolution images in visible light.

• Ultraviolet Spectrometer (UVS)- it measures gasses in the atmosphere of Jupiter and searches for complex molecules.

Atmospheric Probe

It separates from the spacecraft and descends on the surface of Jupiter. It carries six instruments to carry out various scientific experiments and measurements about the Jovian temperature, atmosphere and pressure. The instruments aboard the probe were;

• Neutral Mass Spectrometer - it studies the chemical composition of the Jovian surface.

• Interferomete r- it determines the abundant supply of helium gas.

• Nephelometer- it is capable of observing cloud particles.

• Net- Flux Radiometer - it measures the difference between the upward and downward radiant energy.

• Energetic Particle Detector

• Lightning and Radio-Emission Detector