Planets- an information table

Sun Mercury Venus Earth Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune Pluto
Diameter (km)

1 392 000

4878

12 103

12 756

6 786

142 984

120 536

51 118

49 528

2 300

Mass (Earth=1)

332 946

0.055

0.81

1

0.11

318

95.18

14.5

17.14

0.0022

Surface gravity (Earth=1

27.9

0.38

0.86

1

0.38

2.5

1.1

1.1

1.1

-

Average surface temperature (oc)

5 500

-170 to 430

464

15

-40

-120

-180

-210

-220

-220

Length of day

(in Earth hours/day/years)

 

58.65 days

243.01 days*

23.93 hours

24.62 hours

9.92 hours

10.67 hours

17.23 hour*

16.12 hours

6.38 days

Length of year

(in Earth hours/day/years)

-

87.97 days

224.7 days

365.26 days

1.88 years

11.86 years

29.46 years

84.01 years

164.79 years

248.54 years

Distance from Sun (million km)

-

45.9 to 68.7

107.4 to 109

147.1 to 152.1

206.7 to 249.1

740.3 to 815.7

1 347 to 1 507

2 735 to 3 004

4 456 to 4 537

4 425 to 7375

Number of rings

0

0

0

0

0

1

7

11

4

0

Number of moons

0

0

0

1

2

16

18

15

8

1

Volume (Earth=1)

-

0.056

0.86

1

0.15

1 323

744

67

57

Unknown

Speed of movement around the sun

-

172 332 kmph / 47.89 kmps

126 072 kmph / 35.03 kmps

107 244 kmph / 29.79 kmps

86 868 kmph / 24.13 kmps

47 016 kmph / 13.06 kmps

34 812 kmph / 9.64 kmps

24 516 kmph / 6.81 kmps

19 548 kmph / 5.43 kmps

17 064 kmph / 4.74 kmps

Atmosphere composition

Hydrogen and helium (hydrogen undergoes nuclear fusion to form helium)

Principally of helium and hydrogen with little amounts of sodium, oxygen, neon, argon and potassium

About 92% Carbon dioxide, 3.5% nitrogen

78% Nitrogen, 21% Oxygen and 1% water vapour, argon, carbon dioxide and other trace gases.

95% Carbon dioxide, 2.7% Nitrogen, 1.6% Argon, 0.7% Oxygen, carbon monoxide and water vapour

90% Hydrogen, 10% Helium with traces of ammonia, methane and water vapour

94% Hydrogen, 6% helium with traces of ammonia, methane and water vapour

85% Hydrogen, 12% helium and 3% methane

85% Hydrogen, 13% Helium and 2% methane

Probably Methane mixed with nitrogen

Approximate age (billion years)

4.6

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Approximate core temperature (0c)

15 000 000

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Star type:

Yellow main sequence star

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

*=Rotation is retrograde

Note: There may be differences of data between various sources as no data reading is absolutely accurate due to them being approximate values only. The actual amount will be very similar to all sources.

Sources:

Guide to Space; A photographic journey through the universe
Author: Peter Bond
Published: 1999 by Doring Kindersly Limited, Great Britain.
ISBN: 0-7513-5877-0

Eyewitness visual dictionaries; the visual dictionary of the Universe

Published: 1994 (first published 1993) by Dorling Kindersly, Australia
ISBN: 0-86438-546-3

(refer to bibliography)