Planets- an information table
| Sun | Mercury | Venus | Earth | Mars | Jupiter | Saturn | Uranus | Neptune | Pluto | |
| Diameter (km) |
1 392 000 |
4878 |
12 103 |
12 756 |
6 786 |
142 984 |
120 536 |
51 118 |
49 528 |
2 300 |
| Mass (Earth=1) |
332 946 |
0.055 |
0.81 |
1 |
0.11 |
318 |
95.18 |
14.5 |
17.14 |
0.0022 |
| Surface gravity (Earth=1 |
27.9 |
0.38 |
0.86 |
1 |
0.38 |
2.5 |
1.1 |
1.1 |
1.1 |
- |
| Average surface temperature (oc) |
5 500 |
-170 to 430 |
464 |
15 |
-40 |
-120 |
-180 |
-210 |
-220 |
-220 |
| Length of day
(in Earth hours/day/years) |
58.65 days |
243.01 days* |
23.93 hours |
24.62 hours |
9.92 hours |
10.67 hours |
17.23 hour* |
16.12 hours |
6.38 days |
|
| Length of year
(in Earth hours/day/years) |
- |
87.97 days |
224.7 days |
365.26 days |
1.88 years |
11.86 years |
29.46 years |
84.01 years |
164.79 years |
248.54 years |
| Distance from Sun (million km) |
- |
45.9 to 68.7 |
107.4 to 109 |
147.1 to 152.1 |
206.7 to 249.1 |
740.3 to 815.7 |
1 347 to 1 507 |
2 735 to 3 004 |
4 456 to 4 537 |
4 425 to 7375 |
| Number of rings |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
7 |
11 |
4 |
0 |
| Number of moons |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
16 |
18 |
15 |
8 |
1 |
| Volume (Earth=1) |
- |
0.056 |
0.86 |
1 |
0.15 |
1 323 |
744 |
67 |
57 |
Unknown |
| Speed of movement around the sun |
- |
172 332 kmph / 47.89 kmps |
126 072 kmph / 35.03 kmps |
107 244 kmph / 29.79 kmps |
86 868 kmph / 24.13 kmps |
47 016 kmph / 13.06 kmps |
34 812 kmph / 9.64 kmps |
24 516 kmph / 6.81 kmps |
19 548 kmph / 5.43 kmps |
17 064 kmph / 4.74 kmps |
| Atmosphere composition |
Hydrogen and helium (hydrogen undergoes nuclear fusion to form helium) |
Principally of helium and hydrogen with little amounts of sodium, oxygen, neon, argon and potassium |
About 92% Carbon dioxide, 3.5% nitrogen |
78% Nitrogen, 21% Oxygen and 1% water vapour, argon, carbon dioxide and other trace gases. |
95% Carbon dioxide, 2.7% Nitrogen, 1.6% Argon, 0.7% Oxygen, carbon monoxide and water vapour |
90% Hydrogen, 10% Helium with traces of ammonia, methane and water vapour |
94% Hydrogen, 6% helium with traces of ammonia, methane and water vapour |
85% Hydrogen, 12% helium and 3% methane |
85% Hydrogen, 13% Helium and 2% methane |
Probably Methane mixed with nitrogen |
| Approximate age (billion years) |
4.6 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
| Approximate core temperature (0c) |
15 000 000 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
| Star type: |
Yellow main sequence star |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
| *=Rotation is
retrograde
Note: There may be differences of data between various sources as no data reading is absolutely accurate due to them being approximate values only. The actual amount will be very similar to all sources. |
||||||||||
Sources:
(refer to bibliography)Guide to Space; A photographic journey through the universe
Author: Peter Bond
Published: 1999 by Doring Kindersly Limited, Great Britain.
ISBN: 0-7513-5877-0
Eyewitness visual dictionaries; the visual dictionary of the Universe
- Author(s):
- Project editor: Paul Docherty
- Editorial assistant: Emily Hill
- Astronomy consultant: Sue Becklake
- Space technology consultant editor: Kenneth W. Gatland
Published: 1994 (first published 1993) by Dorling Kindersly, Australia
ISBN: 0-86438-546-3