INTRODUCTION

The primary objective of this section is to introduce a possible concept on colonization of mars. A synthetic ozone could be built to simulate the conditions of a greenhouse, trapping heat to warm up mars and raise atmospheric temperatures to levels suitable for biochemical reactions.

WHY NOT?

Stumbling blocks to colonization of mars:

1. No breathable atmosphere for humans. Therefore we need carbon dioxide, oxygen, and nitrogen for starters.
2. No water in liquid form.
3. No plant life to generate oxygen naturally.

Heat Mars to allow any quantity of frozen ice naturally occurring to melt and flow as water.

• Heating Mars maybe seem very difficult but we could probably achieve this by introducing non toxic GREENHOUSE gases to Mars in large enough quantities. Eventually the Martian atmosphere will collect the GREENHOUSE gases and form a barrier that will allow the atmosphere to retain any solar energy from the sun. This in turn will eventually increase the temperature of Mars.
• GREENHOUSE gas creating ships can be launched from earth and situated strategically around the Martian surface. As the GREENHOUSE gas accumulates, the temperature of Mars will increase. Once sufficient GREENHOUSE gases have been created to sustain a permanent atmosphere consisting of GREENHOUSE gas and gaseous water, the generation of these gases can be terminated. With the melting of the polar caps, other gases may also be present within the ice and surface of Mars that will become part of the Martian atmosphere.

Fancy life on Mars?

Current Martian environment and problems for biology

At present the Martian surface environment is effectively sterilizing for all forms of terrestrial organisms, although some protected niches may exist above and below the surface of Mars.

• Low pressure. The atmospheric pressure on Mars, mostly due to carbon dioxide, varies from approximately 7.4 to 10 millibar (mbar). Extremely low pressure damages organisms and can affect efficient DNA repair.
• Low temperature. During the Martian summer the temperature perhaps rises above the freezing point of water at some equatorial latitudes. From temperature requirements alone, organisms would not be able to survive on present day Mars for a number of reasons: First, the temperatures would completely freeze any organism and depending on the freezing process would cause cellular damage through the formation of ice crystals.
• Water. Liquid water, under mar's low pressure becomes instable, hence cannot stay in liquid form.
• Radiation. The main source of radiation at the Martian surface is ultraviolet (UV) radiation between the wavelengths of 190 and 300 nm. UV-radiation as we know, causes skin cancer and burns to the human skin. With no ozone or such protective layers, the full force of the radiation is going to be felt.
• Carbon dioxide. In organisms the relatively high concentration of carbon dioxide would probably cause a low intracellular pH. A change in pH conditions would then alter biochemical reactions in the human body due to a change in the working medium of enzymatic reactions. As our breathing is regulated by the levels of carbon dioxide in our body, a high carbon dioxide concentration also affect our breathing (faster, due to need to clear carbon dioxide in lungs).

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