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Mitten crabs damage the land because they dig into the sides of rivers. This erodes the riverbank which can cause a flood. They like to sleep in a cave, so every time they dig a hole, it makes the wall of the river weaker. The wall can flatten or crumble then there will be a flood.
They also eat anything, so they eat some of the creatures and plants that are already in the river. This means there's not enough food for the animals that were already there. They're wiping out the other animals.
They are also harmful to people because these type of creatures carry a deadly lung fluke which causes a disease like tuberculosis. None of the crabs that have been found have the lung fluke, but it's a possibility.