Before you get to know more about Mendel's Experiment, we should learn more about how exactly are traits passed from parent to child. We'll tell you about DNA and Genes inside your body that carry and stores your traits just like a computer stores data! Feel free to drop us a mail if you have any questions. Have Fun!

The Human Body may seem like one piece, but it is made up of billions of cells. You have almost as many cells in your whole body to equal the number of people on earth!

There are many types of cells in your body, all made to perform different jobs in your body. Cells of the same type may stick or join together to do a particular job, or to perform a particular task, and a called a tissue. Examples of tissue are your muscle tissue and bone tissue.

While you may not be able to see your tissues, these tissues also join up for a particular purpose, and then form organs. There are many organs in your body, such as your eyes and ears. All these organs are made up of many tissues which are then made up of even more cells.

Back inside your cells, there are various structures that are present in the cytoplasm, of the cell. The cytoplasm is a watery substance which fills up the cell. The cytoplasm is surrounded by the cell surface membrane of a cell, which prevents the cytoplasm from flowing out of the cell, and also allows food to enter the cell, and waste to leave the cell.

However, the most important part of the cell is the nucleus. The nucleus of a human cell is found at the center of the cell, and it is like the "brain" of the cell. The nucleus is able to control all the activities of the cell, and tells the cell what to do.

How then does the nucleus know what to tell the cell to do? It needs a set of plans to read before telling the cell to do something. This set of instructions are contained inside the nucleus and is called DNA. DNA is a chemical inside the nucleus of every one of your cells. This chemical has parts which can be arranged differently to form many types of patterns. These patterns give the information for the cell.

The patterns in the DNA are made by combining two different parts of the DNA, called base pairs. This works exactly the same way as the letters in the alphabet, which combine with each other to form words, which relay information. However, unlike the alphabet which has 26 letters, DNA has only 2 base pairs! The base pairs are the Adenine-Thymine base pair and the Guanine-Cytosine base pair. The Adenine-Thymine base pair is made up of the substance called Adenine, and another called Thymine. These substances are called bases. The Guanine-Cytosine base pair is also made up of two bases, Guanine and Cytosine. They are called base pairs because they are made up of two bases. However, to fit into DNA and form a pattern, Adenine and Thymine must lock together to form the Adenine-Thymine base pair, same for the Guanine-Cytosine base pair. Only when the two bases lock together can they form a pattern. A singular base cannot give any information in DNA.

The DNA in your cells have information for your whole body. Even if the cell is a hair cell making up the hair on your head, it also had the information for a foot cell. The information on the whole body's makeup is too much. For all this information to fit into the nucleus of a tinycell, it must be coiled up and compressed into sets. One set of DNA is called a chromosome, and one human cell contains 46 chromosomes altogether.

However, we also know that there are a lot of parts in our body, and each part needs instructions in the DNA to know what to do. The DNA in one chromosome alone is very long, and it contains information for many parts of the body. Each set of instructions for a particulular part of the body to perform a particular action is called a gene. There are many genes that make up the DNA in your chromosomes ,and 46 chromosomes that make up your whole DNA, which is inside all of your approximately six billion cells. The cells group together to form tissues and the tissues group together to form organs. The many organs and tissues in your body end up making you!

Therefore, DNA and genes are are very important to us. They contain information on how we look like and how we behave. Howver, our genes are similar to those of our parents. This is because each of our parents contributed 23 chromosomes to us when you and I were formed in our mother's womb. The 23 sets of chromosomes from our father contained some of his genes, which we have in us now that make us a little like our fathers. Our mothers also gave us 23 chromosomes containing many genes, which make us like our mothers also in some ways.

Not only does the passing down of genes happen in humans, but it also happens in plants, such as the one Gregor Mendel studied. In this case, we are only looking at the gene for height. This gene tells the plant to either grow tall or remain short.

Next Lesson, we'll study about what happens when one parent plant, which is tall, gives the pea plant seedling a tall gene, and the other parent, which is short, gives the seedling a short gene. Which gene will block out which?

Huff, that's a lot to explain in one breath (or one lesson for that matter). if you're still unsure, click below to see the animation, which may help to explain what you don't understand.