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DECEMBER
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"The Month of Christmas"
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Capricorn
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"The Month of the Beginning of Winter" | (Dec.21-Jan.20) |
3 Borbála.
The patron of miners, artillerymen and castles.
She is also a patron girls, together with Katherine. Her day is also for husband-finding auguries and charms. For example the place the so-called "Borbála-twig" into water -- cherry, peach or almond tree twig, which signals that the maiden will surely get married by shoots that have to appear before Christmas.
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6 Nicholas
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6 Nicholas. The figure of the friendly St Nicholas, or "Mikulás" who give presents to good children has no real roots in Hungarian culture. It is of German origin. |
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7 Ambrose
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7 Ambrose. The patron of apiarists and gingerbread makers. |
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13 Luca
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13 Luca. Before the Gregorian calendar reform, it was the shortest day of the year.
It is strictly prohibited for women to work on this day, as on such an evil day, witches are lurking everywhere.
They start to build the so-called "Luca-chair" today and it has to be ready by the Midnight Mass at Christmas. If one stands upon the chair of Luca, she is said to gain the power to see witches and evil spirits.
Young lads visited every house to charm the chickens in order to give more eggs and be more fertile.
Another important Luca-tradition is the making of a so-called Luca-calendar. From the twelve days that pass between Luca and Christmas, they try to find out the weather of the 12 months to come.
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24 Adam and Eve
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24 Adam and Eve. It often happens that people fast on Christmas Eve. They eat fish for the ceremonial dinner. Christmas meals are regulated by various rites and customs, anyhow: even the tablecloth has an important role. The custom of erecting a Christmas Tree came here from Germany. |
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25 Christmas
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25 Christmas. Originally the feast of the winter equinoxe. Christians celebrate the birth of Jesus on this day.
The best known Christmas customs is the performance of the "Betlehem-play," that is carrying out the happenings from the search for cover to the arrival of the Three Magi in a dramatized form. The framework of the Betlehem-play is mostly profane pastoral.
Between Christmas and New Year's Day, minstrel go and visit the houses in the village. The team of young boys is usually equipped with clappers and other instruments capable of creating noise. They chant ancient melodies containing remainders of the ancient shamanistic culture.
They are in ragged clothes and shoes and they declare themselves the man-servants of King Stephen. They sing of the Miracle Stag that carries stellar objects on his sides and holds candles on his coronet that provide light without being lit. At the end of each paragraph, the refrain is chanted as a kind of magical word or incantation: "hej regő rejtem."
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26 Stephen
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26 Stephen. Health and produce conjuring day. |
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27 John
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27 John. Vine-masters consecrate wine on this day and fill a small amount of it into every barrel, in order to keep them from going sour. They put the remainder away for medical purposes and drink from "the glass of St John." |
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28 Childermas-day
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28 Childermas-day. Health conjuring day. In several regions they hit young maidens with cane thongs in order to make them beautiful and healthy. |
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29 Thomas
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29 Thomas. This they is charcterized by pig-killings around the country. |
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31 Sylvester
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31 Sylvester. The happiest night of the year is the celebration of Pope Sylvester who lived at the end of the first millenium.
Similar parties at the end of the year were held by the Romans already, on December 27.
This night is fort the burial of the old year, but also for trying to know something in advance about the new one, through different techniques of augury. The best known is through plumbery: they try to find out the future from the shape of the small leaden blots.
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