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History and
Description
The winter creeper was introduced from Asia in
1907. The winter creeper can grow up to 40-70 feet tall. The leaves of a winter
creeper are thick and dark green or green and white multicolored. They have
pinkish-to-red pods split open to release orange seeds. The twigs are stout and
or lime green, with light gray bark.
The winter creeper blooms from May to July.
The flowers are greenish–yellow with five petals. The fruit and seeds appear
from September to November. The vines of the winter creeper form thick ground
cover and can climb trees. It will not grow in wet areas.
Uses
It is used as an ornamental ground cover. It
is also used as low hedging and wall covering. It adds color to the rock
garden. It also provides food for birds.
Reproduction
Mature fruit formed from the flowers of the winter creeper in the summer
produce seeds. These seeds are carried by birds, animals, or water and grow
into new plants. In addition, it spreads when the trailing or climbing vines
take root.
Ecological
Threat
The fruit of the winter creeper are
considered poisonous to humans. Its rapid growth and tolerance of harsh
conditions make it a threat to native species. They deplete soil moisture and
nutrients to native species. They also block the sunlight and form a dense
vegetative mat that hinders the growth of native species seedlings. Vines
growing on trees can cover their leaves and prevent photosynthesis.
Control
Pull the winter creeper
seedlings up by hand. Dig out the roots and repeat until it no longer
re-sprouts. Clip off flowers or fruits to keep it from spreading by birds.
Herbicides can also be used.
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